開祖・道元さんは鎌倉幕府から建長寺の開山者に擬せられて
一時期鎌倉に半年逗留したりして幕府側からアプローチをされたけれど、
結局それを辞退して永平寺に戻ってきている。
京都近在の幕府御家人・波多野氏にとってこのことはどうであったか、
政治としてみていると機微な部分も感じられて面白い。
きっと現代の政治案件と同様詳細は藪の中、当事者の思惑も様々だったに違いない。
後世の人間としては推し量ることは難しいけれどその後、永平寺の存続は
現代まで永く計られてきているので道元さんの判断は間違っていなかったといえる。
いまでは大みそかにはNHKの除夜の鐘中継の定番にもなっているので、
信仰の対象としての地位は確固としているのだと思います。

建築群としてみると、この「山門」は現存する最古の永平寺建築。
1749年築。五間三戸の中国唐時代様式の楼閣門で両側には仏教の守護神、
四天王を祀り階上には釈迦如来像、五百羅漢などが安置される。
「玄源左衛門」をはじめとする永平寺大工の総力を結集して再建されたと記録。
先日触れた宋から道元が連れ帰った宋大工・玄氏の末裔とおぼしき名前。
福井市立郷土歴史博物館・平成19年「越前若狭の大工と絵図、道具」展資料に
名の出る「永平寺の開祖道元に伴って来⽇した宋⼤⼯・⽞源盛」子孫と思える。
この山門再建年が1749年なので、1227年の道元帰朝時から522年後、
こういう名前が確認できることから、玄氏が土着して宮大工を務めていたと
推定できるのではないか。ものづくりのDNA的継続を感じさせる。
宗教建築の発注者寺院と作り手大工の関係がはるかに伝わってきて好ましい。

写真は、この山門内に掲げられた扁額「吉祥の額」。
創建当時の永平寺の気魂をはるかに伝えているものなのでしょう。
また、上の外観写真の下には有名な「入山心得」的な檄文がある。
山門は修行僧が正式に入門する際に通る永平寺の玄関。厳しい禅問答の場所。
木の板を3回鳴らし来訪を告げ修行を志願し厳冬期でもかなり待たされて
（心意気が本物であるかが試され）永平寺からの入山許可を得る通過儀礼。
檄文の読み下しは以下のようです。
「家庭厳峻 不容陸老従真門入」
「鎖鑰放閑 遮莫善財進一歩来」
「どんな社会的地位の者でも仏を求める心が無ければ門より入ることは許さない」
「そうであるが、山門は鍵はかからず扉もない、入り口は常に解き放れている、
善財童子の道心があればいつでも入ることができる」とある。
「厳しい出家修行の道場であり求道心の在る者のみ門をくぐることが許される」

凜とした禅の本質が端的にあらわされているのでしょう。
もとよりまったく覚悟のない衆生ではありますが、ありがたく染みる。
謹んで読了し撮影させていただいた次第。宗旨は違うけど、南無大師遍照金剛。・・・

English version⬇

[Sanmon / Dogen-san Zen training rule book Eiheiji-6]
The founder, Dogen, was imitated by the founder of Kenchoji Temple from the Kamakura Shogunate.
He stayed in Kamakura for half a year and was approached by the shogunate.
He eventually declined it and returned to Eiheiji.
How was this for Mr. Hatano, a shogunate gokenin near Kyoto?
Looking at it as politics, it is interesting to feel the subtleties.
As with modern political matters, the details must have been in the bush, and the parties’ speculations must have been different.
It is difficult to guess as a human being of posterity, but after that, the survival of Eiheiji Temple
It can be said that Mr. Dogen’s judgment was not wrong because it has been measured for a long time until the present day.
Nowadays, it has become a staple of NHK’s Joya no kane broadcast in New Year’s Eve.
I think that the position as an object of faith is solid.

Looking at the buildings, this “Sanmon” is the oldest existing Eiheiji architecture.
Built in Kan’en 2 years (1749). The guardian deity of Buddhism on both sides of the five-storied Chinese-Tang dynasty style tower gate.
The statue of Shaka Nyorai, 500 Rakan, etc. are enshrined on the floor where the four heavenly kings are enshrined.
It is said that it was rebuilt by concentrating all the efforts of Eiheiji carpenters including “Gengenzaemon”.
The name that seems to be the descendant of Mr. Gen, a Song carpenter who was brought back by Dogen from Song that I mentioned the other day.
Fukui City History Museum, 2007 exhibition plan “Carpenters, drawings, tools of Echizen Wakasa” exhibition materials
It seems to be a descendant of the famous “Song dynasty, Hogenmori who came with the founder Dogen of Eiheiji Temple”.
This mountain gate was rebuilt in 1749, so 522 years after Dogen’s return to the morning in 1227,
Since the name of such a carpenter can be confirmed, it is said that Mr. Gen was indigenous and served as a palace carpenter.
Isn’t it possible to estimate? It makes us feel the continuation of manufacturing DNA.
The relationship between the temple that ordered the religious architecture and the carpenter who made it is much more apparent, which is preferable.

The photo is the flat “Kissho’s forehead” displayed inside this mountain gate.
It probably conveys the spirit of Eiheiji Temple at the time of its foundation.
In addition, below the exterior photo above, there is a famous “Iriyama knowledge” syllabary.
The Sanmon is the entrance to Eiheiji Temple, which is used by monks to officially enter. A place where strict Zen questions and answers are held.
I rang a wooden board three times, announced my visit, volunteered for training, and had to wait a long time even in the midwinter.
(It is tested whether the spirit is genuine) “Rite of passage” to get permission to enter the mountain from Eiheiji Temple.
The reading of the text is as follows.
“Family strict incompetence Rikuro obedience Kadonyu”
“Chain Umbrella Release”
“Anyone with any social status will not be allowed to enter through this gate without a desire for the Buddha.”
“Yes, but the gate is unlocked and has no door, the entrance is always unleashed,
If you have a spirit like Sudhana, you can enter at any time. ”
“The future is a strict priesthood training dojo, and only those with a desire to go through the gate are allowed to go through the gate.”

Perhaps the essence of dignified Zen is simply expressed.
Of course, he is a sentient being who is not prepared at all, but he is grateful for the words.
As soon as I read it and took a picture. Although the sect is different, Nanmu Daishi Hensho Kongo.・ ・ ・

Posted on 12月 3rd, 2021 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 日本社会・文化研究