さて、昨日は今回の出張のメインである八戸での講演。東北電力さんの主催される建築専門家向けのイベントでの「業界情報」的な仕立てのシチュエーション。
　わたしは住宅雑誌発行人としての経験から、北海道東北では各地で住宅についての講演経験がありましたが、コロナ禍以降、そういったイベント開催が難しくなったことから、講演機会もほとんどなくなっていました。それが久しぶりの講演機会。それと、わたしの立場が変わったので、こうしたお申し出をいただくとは思いも寄りませんでした。それが、電子書籍出版という情報から、こういう機会がふたたび巡ってきたので、謹んで講演させていただきました。
　講演の時間は50分程度と聞いていましたが、久しぶりの講演なので時間感覚はまったく消滅していた（泣）。講演のスライドはパワポで作成しますが、その用意した枚数のうち、1/4は未消化に終わってしまった。時間配分的に「カン」がまったく働かなかった。
　そういうお詫びをしつつ、講演後の懇親会ではほぼ全員のみなさんと話をさせていただけたので、その内容への反応などを「取材」させていただけました。出版物の書き手として考えれば、その出版前に「読者の反応」を知るということに等しい稀有な機会。
　さまざまな「気付き」のポイントがあって、わたしとしてはまことにありがたいと感じられた次第です。
　住宅についてのそれも専門家対象の講演としては珍しく、聞いていただいたどなたからもいろいろな反応や意見を語っていただけました。ある女性の方からは「男性のラブレターについて、それを書いた場所、空間を追究するツッコミぶりが面白かった（笑）」という反応も伺った。
　そういったご意見も含めて、わたしとしては貴重なご意見で本当に感謝そのもの。ただ時間が順守できなかったことについて、しっかり反省して本日の十和田の会場での講演にすこしでも経験として活かせればと考えております。
　きょうも講演の時間（午後４時過ぎ）まで、スライド枚数と話す内容について、調整をしていきたいと考えております。

English version

Lecture on “Writers and Living Space” in Hachinohe:
an opportunity to lecture on the Corona Disaster and my own changing environment. The sense of time had disappeared (tears). But what I lacked in time, I made up for a little by exchanging impressions at the reception. I’ll do my best again today. …

　Well, yesterday I gave a lecture in Hachinohe, the main part of this business trip. It was an “industry information” type situation at an event for construction professionals organised by Tohoku Electric Power Company.
　I had given lectures on housing in various parts of Hokkaido and Tohoku as a publisher of a housing magazine, but since the Corona disaster, it has become difficult to hold such events and I have had very few opportunities to give lectures. This is the first time in a long time that I have had the opportunity to give a lecture. Also, my position has changed, so I had no idea that I would receive such an offer. However, the information about the publication of the e-book has given me this opportunity once again, so I have respectfully decided to give a lecture.
　I was told that the lecture would last about 50 minutes, but as it had been a long time since I had given a lecture, my sense of time had completely disappeared (tears). Slides for the lecture are prepared using PowerPoint, but of the number of slides I had prepared, 1/4 of them ended up undigested. In terms of time allocation, my “hunch” did not work at all.
　With those apologies, I was able to talk to almost everyone at the reception after the lecture, so I was able to “cover” their reactions to the content. As a writer of a publication, this is a rare opportunity to learn about the “reader’s reaction” before publication.
　There were various points of “awareness” that I was very grateful for.
　It was unusual for a lecture on housing for professionals to receive such a wide variety of reactions and opinions from everyone who listened to it. One woman said, ‘It was interesting to see the way he was so quick to pursue the place and space where the man wrote his love letter (laughs)’.
　I am very grateful for the valuable feedback I received, including such comments. However, I will reflect on the fact that I was not able to make good use of the time, and hope to make use of some of the experience in today’s lecture in Towada.
　I will continue to make adjustments to the number of slides and the content of my speech until the time of my speech today (after 4pm).

Posted on 2月 26th, 2025 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 出張＆旅先にて | No Comments »

　最近の新千歳空港の混雑ぶりは、すごい。とくに「国内線」側の混雑ぶりはハンパない。まずは駐車場がまったくのパンパンで、送迎のための１時間以内駐車は日中時間ではまずムリ。各入口に長蛇の車列が出来ている状況。距離のやや離れたC駐車場もあるけれど、飛行機へのアクセスを考えればやはりAB駐車場ということになる。
　AB駐車場の収容台数はそれぞれ1,800台と2,416台となっている。東京羽田の5つの駐車場の収容台数13,112台と比較するとC駐車場1.011台も含めて5,227台と、おおむね40%程度の台数なので、人口規模などを考えれば相応以上と思えるけれど、それがまったく機能不全寸前に陥っている。昨日もカミさんがクルマで送ってくれたのですが、それも時間に余裕を持って飛行機の出発定刻13時に対して10時頃到着したのですが、すでに駐車場入口は長蛇の車列。
　駐車場に入れて空港に早く入ってゆっくりしてから出発したかったのですが、やむなくそこからクルマで15分ほどの道の駅 マオイの丘公園まで往復して１時間ほど前くらいにクルマ送迎乗降場所に向かった。ところが、今度はその送迎乗降場所自体まで長蛇の車列！
　なんとか、数秒の停車が確保できた瞬間に降ろさせてもらいました。いやはや、というところ。で、国内戦の乗降エリアはそれこそ世界各国からのインバウンドと日本人客でまさにごった返している。まるで東京山手線の乗降口か！　これはゆっくりするのはムリと、早々にチェックインしてすぐに航空機の乗降エリアに入っていました。仙台路線はだいたいが日本人乗客。で、仙台に到着すると、飛行場は混雑とは縁遠く、非常に「ゆったり」している。ひと息。
　先日も北海道内のインバウンド状況について書きましたが、中国の「春節」時期の特別な混雑だけではなくなってきている。まぁ、通常に「住んで働いている」分にはそこまで影響もありませんが、札幌中心部などにアクセスするだけでもインバウンド混雑は常態化してきている。京都の混乱ぶりはよそ事とは思えない。
　おっと、いまは東北であります（笑）。あちこち知人へのあいさつも兼ねて、事前に仙台からレンタカーで北上していく作戦ですが、なかなか味わい深い光景、景観が迎えてくれる。早めに東北に入ってゆっくりホテルで各種原稿書き、講演データ仕上げと考えていたのですが、どうも集中が困難（笑）。なんとか本日、頑張りたい。
　写真は北東北の象徴のような「岩手山」の上空からのビュー。

English version

New Chitose Airport, the gateway to Hokkaido, is on the verge of exploding due to overcrowding caused by the large number of inbound passengers . It is almost impossible to secure parking. The time and scenery in the normal Tohoku area is peaceful and relaxing. …

　The recent congestion at New Chitose Airport is incredible. In particular, the congestion on the “domestic” side of the airport has been overwhelming. First of all, the parking lots are completely full, and it is impossible to park within an hour during daytime hours for pick-ups and drop-offs. There are long queues at all entrances. There is also parking lot C, which is a little further away, but considering the access to the plane, parking lot AB is still the best choice.
　The AB car park has a capacity of 1,800 and 2,416 vehicles respectively. Compared to the 13,112 spaces in the five parking lots at Tokyo Haneda, 5,227 spaces, including 1.011 in Parking C, is roughly 40% of the total, which seems more than adequate considering the size of the population, but it is now on the verge of total dysfunction. Yesterday, my wife drove me to the airport, but we arrived around 10:00, well in advance of the scheduled departure time of 13:00, but there was already a long queue at the entrance to the parking lot.
　I wanted to enter the airport early and relax before leaving, but I had no choice but to drive 15 minutes by car to the roadside station Maoi Hill Park and back, and then to the car pick-up and drop-off point about an hour before. However, this time there was a long queue of cars to the pick-up and drop-off point itself!
　I managed to get dropped off the moment I was able to secure a stop for a few seconds. Oh no. The domestic boarding and disembarking area was packed with inbound and Japanese passengers from all over the world. It was like getting off the Yamanote Line in Tokyo!　I checked in early and immediately entered the boarding area for the aircraft. Most of the passengers on the Sendai route were Japanese. And when I arrived at Sendai, the airfield was far from crowded and very “relaxed”. A breath of fresh air.
　I wrote about the inbound situation in Hokkaido the other day, but it is no longer just the special crowds during the Chinese “Spring Festival”. Well, it doesn’t affect the normal “living and working” population, but inbound congestion is becoming the norm, even just to access central Sapporo and other areas. The chaos in Kyoto is not something to be taken for granted.
　Oops, I’m in Tohoku now (laughs). My strategy was to rent a car and drive north from Sendai in advance to greet acquaintances here and there, but I was greeted by quite tasteful sights and scenery. I had planned to enter Tohoku early and spend some time at a hotel writing various manuscripts and finishing the data for my speech, but it is very difficult to concentrate (laughs). I hope to do my best today.
　The photo is an aerial view of Mount Iwate, which is a symbol of the north-eastern region.

Posted on 2月 24th, 2025 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 出張＆旅先にて | No Comments »

　きのうは太閤検地でのこの十津川の詳細記録のことに触れたけれど、さらにそのあとの「大坂夏の陣」に際してこの地の人びとは徳川方に味方して武功を上げたとされる。その武功に対して江戸幕府は十津川の人びとに対して「扶持米」を与えて「槍役」という士分相当の身分を45家に対して与えている。
　領土としては広大な地域だけれど、米作という日本社会の基本的経済尺度には合致していないこの地の人びとに徳川幕府は、特別な身分制度を持って遇したということになる。全国を米作の収量を持って地域分割し、それぞれの地域支配権を「大名」家に与え、徳川家臣団に対しては旗本という身分を制度化したけれど、それらとも違った特殊な身分制をもって十津川の人びとは遇されたのだ。
　こういった歴史的な経緯が、連綿とこの地のひとびとの精神性を涵養していったのだろう。
　わたし的には、こうしたことのさらに背景には熊野三山に残る「八咫烏」の地域伝承が関わっているように想像が飛躍させられてしまう。


　神武東征譚では、熊野・楯ヶ崎に上陸した神武帝はそこからこの十津川の地を抜けて大和国に至るとされるけれど、その険しい山路を抜けるとき、八咫烏が先導したという故事がある。この東征譚はもちろん神話の世界とされるけれど、この十津川の人びとのDNAのなかにその残影を感じさせられてしまう。活動的に山の民らしく神武一統を先導する人びとに対し「八咫烏」というリスペクト表現を重ねたのか、と。
　日本の歴史の中で、きわめて特殊な伝承を形成してきた地域とは言えるだろう。
　そしてこの家、丸田家は上記の45家には入っていないけれど、幕末期・天保年間（1830-1843）以降には村方役人として苗字帯刀を許されていたという。
　同家に残されていた「丸田家文書」では江戸中期から明治維新期までの記録が詳細に書かれている。山林の売買記録、商売や村内での交流記録が主だけれど、その当時の江戸大阪での事件の情報や、幕末の情勢分析などまで、地域独自の知と情報の蓄積が残されている。山間の地でありながらきわめて情報に鋭敏なひとびとの意識水準を感じさせてくれる。
　こうした人びとの濃厚なDNAが北海道に直接伝承されてきたのだと考えると、血肉的なレベルでの「再発見」に深く驚かされる。遠くて近い、北海道と十津川。

English version

The 45 families of spearmen and warriors of the Osaka summer campaign Totsukawa and the “New Totsukawa” – 5]
At the nexus of Japanese history, the people of Totsukawa show impressive feats. The “45 families of spearmen” are similar to the Hatamoto. Is there a connection with the image of Yatagarasu in mythology? …

　Yesterday, I mentioned the detailed records of Totsukawa from the Taikoo inspection, and later, during the Osaka Summer Battle, the people of Totsukawa are said to have sided with the Tokugawa and achieved military success. In response to their military exploits, the Edo Shogunate granted the people of Totsukawa “fukimochi” (rice with allowances) and “yariyaku” status, which is equivalent to the rank of shibu (warrior), to 45 families.
　The Tokugawa Shogunate treated the people of this vast territory, which did not conform to the basic economic scale of Japanese society of rice farming, with a special status system. The Tokugawa Shogunate divided the country into regions based on the yield of rice crops and gave the right to control each region to the “daimyo” family, and institutionalised the status of Hatamoto for Tokugawa vassals, but the people of Totsukawa were treated with a special status system different from these.
　This historical background must have cultivated the mentality of the people of this region for a long time.
　In my opinion, the local folklore of Yatagarasu in the Kumano Sanzan Mountains may have played a role in the background of these events.

　In the tale of the Jimmu expedition, it is said that Emperor Jimmu landed at Tategasaki in Kumano and passed through the region of Totsukawa to Yamato Province, and that Yatagarasu led him through the rugged mountain path. This tale of the eastern expedition is, of course, a myth, but we can feel the traces of it in the DNA of the people of Totsukawa. I wonder whether the people of Totsukawa have a respectful expression of ‘Yatagarasu’ for the people who actively led the Jinmu lineage as mountain people.
　In the history of Japan, this is a region that has formed a very special kind of local tradition.
　The Maruta family is not one of the 45 families mentioned above, but it is said to have been a village official and was allowed to wear the family name from the end of the Edo period (1830-1843) onwards.
　The Maruta family archives, which were left in the family, contain detailed records from the mid-Edo period to the Meiji Restoration. They mainly contain records of forest sales and purchases, business transactions and interactions within the village, but they also contain information on events in Edo Osaka at the time and analysis of the situation at the end of the Edo period, as well as a storehouse of knowledge and information unique to the region. The records give us a sense of the level of awareness of the people, who were extremely perceptive to information despite being in a mountainous area.
　When we consider that the rich DNA of these people has been passed down directly to Hokkaido, we are deeply surprised at the “rediscovery” of the region on a flesh-and-blood level. Hokkaido and Totsukawa: far and near.

Posted on 2月 22nd, 2025 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅取材＆ウラ話, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

　さて十津川の歴史を深掘りしていると、さまざまな資料を再発見させられる。探訪時には「とりあえず資料類と思えるものは収集しといてあとでじっくり確認」とさまざまな資料類も基本的に写真に収めておく。で、じっくり「深掘り」する機会はなかなか作れない（笑）。人間の性〜さが。
　今回2024年４月に探訪した大阪豊中の民家園「十津川の家〜旧丸田家」の写真画像類をもとに、北海道・新十津川との縁を中心にと思って記述を始めたのですが、こちらの記録類の再発掘を始めたら過去の歴史にどんどん突入してきています。上の図版はその資料類の中の「太閤検地」記録文書図。
　「天正15年　日かへ（控えと推定）」「十津川　和州（大和国）吉野郡野尻村　金左衛門　佐介」とある。
　主な作物「いも・そば」と記述された畠からの収穫量とその畠の所有者の記載された文書。「いわむろ」という詳細地名が記され、その収穫地と作物・所有者について「一所畠　いも／そば　一石五斗　清四郎」という「租税根拠」書類が掘り起こされた。
　〜太閤検地は秀吉が天正10（1582)年に開始し、租税賦課の基礎条件を明確にするために日本全土で行った、山林を除く田畑の測量及び収穫量調査。日本初の全国規模の検地であり従前の荘園制的特権を打破し各土地の貢租(年貢)の徴収を容易にするため、荘・郷・保・里など区分が多々あった田制を統一して村制度を樹立させた。各耕地1筆ごとに1作人(一地一作人)を原則とし、土地は画一的に領主に直属させた。これによって荘園制時代よりも各耕地の所有関係が整理され、日本の近世封建制度の基礎が確立された。大化改新・地租改正・農地改革と並び、日本の歴史で重大な土地制度上の変革である。〜Wikiの要旨。
現代で言えば、三木奎吾　所得の方法とその年度の所得金額データみたいなモノに等しい。それまでが、おおまかに各地域集落単位程度の経済基礎の総量把握だけだったものが、各戸ごとの経済規模を直接把握したのだということに等しい。日本の政治統治の新段階を明瞭に示している。現代ではこの段階の「家単位」家制度からさらに詳細に個人単位に収奪構造が進化して行くけれど、いずれにせよ、政治権力による経済支配という「国家のコア」の記録といえるのでしょう。現代にいたるディープステートの実像を見る思い。ひとびとの「減税」への悲痛な思いがこの紙背に刻印されていると思える。

English version

[Taikoo inspection records, the desire to reduce taxes Totsukawa and ‘New Totsukawa’ – 4]
Economic grasp of each piece of land owned by individual owners of raw households. Recalling the disasters of the modern deep state. The people’s desire for tax reductions that transcend time. …

　Digging deeper into the history of Totsukawa, we are forced to rediscover a variety of documents. When visiting, I basically take photos of the various materials, saying “I’ll just collect what I think are materials for now and check them carefully later”. But it is difficult to have the opportunity to delve deeper (laughs). Human nature.
　This time, based on the photographs and images of the Toyonaka Minka Garden in Osaka, which I visited in April 2024, I started to write about the relationship with Shin Totsukawa in Hokkaido, but when I started re-excavating the records here, I found myself plunging deeper and deeper into past history. The illustration above is a map of the “Taikō Kenshi” record among these documents.
　The text reads: “Tensho 15 nen hikakae (presumed to be an annex)” and “Totsukawa Wazhu (Yamato Province) Yoshino-gun Nojiri-mura Kinzaemon Sasuke”.
　Document describing the harvest from a field described as the main crops “potato and buckwheat” and the owner of the field. A detailed place name ‘Iwamuro’ is given, and a “tax basis” document was dug up for the harvest area, crops and owner: ‘Ichisho Hatake imo / soba, one stone five too, Seishiro’.
　〜The Taiko-kensetsu was a survey of fields, excluding forests and mountains, and the amount of harvested crops, which was carried out throughout Japan by Hideyoshi in 1582 to clarify the basic conditions for levying taxes. It was Japan’s first nationwide land survey, and unified the rice field system, which had been divided into many different categories such as Zhuang, Go, Ho and Ri, and established the village system in order to break down the manorial privilege and make it easier to collect annual tribute for each area of land. In principle, each piece of arable land was assigned to a single farmer (i.e. one farmer per piece of land), and the land was uniformly assigned directly to the lord. This system organised the ownership of each piece of arable land better than in the manorial system, and established the foundations of the early modern feudal system in Japan. Along with the Taika Reform, the Land Tax Reform and the Agricultural Land Reform, this was one of the most significant land reforms in Japanese history. ~Wiki abstract.
In modern times, it is equivalent to something like the Miki Keigo income method and income amount data for the year. It is equivalent to the fact that the economic scale of each household was directly grasped, whereas until then it was only possible to grasp the total economic basis of each local settlement unit. This is a clear indication of a new stage in Japanese political governance. In modern times, the structure of deprivation has evolved from this stage of the “family-based” family system to more detailed individual units, but in any case, it can be said to be a record of the “core of the state”, which is economic domination by political power. The image of the Deep State as it exists today. It seems that the people’s grief over the “tax cuts” is imprinted on the spine of this paper.
　
　

Posted on 2月 21st, 2025 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

幕末明治の動乱期を経て、ようやく日本社会が新時代に向かって走り出そうとした時期。この奈良県十津川郷は勤皇の郷村として、明治維新戦争でも独自の存在感を示していた。司馬遼太郎の「街道をゆく」でも、この地の人びとのこの時期の気骨ある行動を丹念に記述している。
　そのプライド高き郷村を明治22(1889)年大水害が襲う。1月16日にはオーストラリアで最高気温が記録（摂氏53度）されるような「異常気象」ぶりだったとされる。日本に於いても、春から気象条件が安定せず、梅雨時期には長雨、夏に入ると日照りが続いていた。それが8/17になって一転して豪雨が始まった。この雨風は丸２日経っても治まらず郷村を流れる「十津川」の水はあふれ、土砂崩れで民家は流れ出し、くずれた土砂が各所で川の流れをふさいで60ヵ所もの「湖水」が作られるほどだった。死者は168人、家屋流失・半壊610戸。耕地や山林にも大きな被害が出た。県をまたいで和歌山県では同じ河川が「熊野川」になるけれど、この被害は流域の熊野本宮大社・大斎原にも襲いかかり多くの社殿が流された。 流失を免れた上四社３棟は現社地に移設され、大斎原には流失した中四社・下四社をまつる石造の小祠が建てられている。それまでの大斎原の大社は、およそ１万１千坪の境内に五棟十二社の社殿、楼門、神楽殿や能舞台など、現在の数倍の規模だったという。

　わたしは、この故事を胸に抱きながら年来の願望であった「熊野詣」を数年前に果たしたけれど、熊野から奈良県吉野に抜ける山岳地系、その谷地を縫うように流れる河川を体験しながら、北海道にも似た自然景観の荒々しさに深い感慨を受けていた。この地形と自然景観とが一体となって、日本社会に「熊野詣」という心象を形成したのだろうかと、北海道人としてなにか心理が通底するような思いを持った。
　この未曾有の大被害からの復元を目指して、十津川郷村は立ち上がる。歴史的な維新期の行動力から、多くの人材が中央で活躍していて、そういったかれらが明治政府に対して国家的な復興策を建言し、政治的な成果を生み出していって、折からの北海道開拓・移住への支援策を勝ち取っていくことになる。
　策定された北海道移住策に対して十津川郷村の移住希望者は総数600戸、2691名に上ったという。そして、同年10月には神戸港から北海道小樽に向けて出港した。北海道人としてなにか、血肉が騒ぐ思いが止まらない。

English version

[Extreme weather and major flooding in 1889: Totsukawa River and the ‘New Totsukawa’ – 2].
The spirit of the entire township and village to rise up from the flood damage and move towards the development of Hokkaido in the Meiji era was violently shaken. …

This was a time when Japanese society was finally about to run towards a new era after the turbulent period at the end of the Edo and Meiji periods. This village of Totsukawa-go in Nara Prefecture was a hometown village of the Emperor and had a unique presence during the Meiji Restoration War. Ryotaro Shiba’s Kaido yuku (On the Road) also painstakingly describes the spirited actions of the people of this region during this period.
　In 1889 (Meiji 22), the pride of the village was hit by a major flood, and on 16 January it was said to have been an ‘abnormal weather event’ with the highest temperature ever recorded in Australia (53 degrees Celsius). In Japan, weather conditions have been unstable since spring, with long rains during the rainy season and continued sunshine in summer. Then, on 17 August, the heavy rains started. The rain and wind did not subside even after two whole days, and the Totsu River flowing through the township overflowed, causing landslides that swept away houses and created as many as 60 ‘lakes’ in various places where the river was blocked by debris and sand. The death toll was 168, with 610 houses swept away or half destroyed. Arable land and mountain forests were also severely damaged. In Wakayama Prefecture, the same river is known as the Kumano River, but the damage also hit the Kumano Hongu Taisha shrine in the basin, Osaibara, and many of its buildings were washed away. The three buildings of the upper four shrines that escaped being swept away were moved to the present site of the shrine, and a small stone shrine dedicated to the middle four and lower four shrines that were swept away was built in Osaibara. The former shrine in Osaibara was several times the size of the present one, with five buildings, 12 shrines, a tower gate, a hall for Shinto music and dance, and a Noh stage, all within a precinct of approximately 11,000 tsubo (about 1.2 square metres).

　I had this legend in mind when I fulfilled my long-held wish to visit Kumano a few years ago, and was deeply moved by the ruggedness of the natural landscape, which resembles that of Hokkaido, as I experienced the mountainous terrain that runs from Kumano to Yoshino in Nara Prefecture and the rivers that weave through the valleys. As a person from Hokkaido, I wondered if this topography and natural landscape had combined to form the mental image of ‘Kumano Pilgrimage’ in Japanese society, and as a person from Hokkaido, I felt as if my mind was somehow connected to this.
　The village of Totsukawa-go is rising up to recover from this unprecedented damage. Due to the historical power of the Meiji Restoration, many people were active in the central government, and they proposed a national restoration policy to the Meiji Government, which produced political results and won support for the development and emigration of Hokkaido.
　In response to the Hokkaido emigration policy formulated, a total of 600 households and 2,691 people wanted to emigrate to Totsukawa-go Village. In October of the same year, they set sail from the port of Kobe for Otaru in Hokkaido. As a person from Hokkaido, I can’t stop thinking that something is stirring in my blood.

Posted on 2月 19th, 2025 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究 | No Comments »