縄文の人類、その「社会」発展の様子の「見える化」。
その後、弥生以降の社会の基盤はこの１万年を超える縄文期が作った。
列島社会の精神史として考えるとその奥行きに戦慄する。
こういう領域に現代の探究が到達しつつあることが喜ばしい。

定住ということはそれ以前と以降を完全に分離するエポック。
国立歴史民俗博物館展示では従来、カンタンにしか触れられていなかった
この歴史段階について非常に革新的な探究がされている。
わたし個人で言えば、青年期に左翼思想の洗礼を受けたときのインパクト、
人類社会の科学的発展という基礎的な刷り込み「原始共産社会」
マルクス・エンゲルスが主唱したひとつの理想郷概念が
まったく「神話」にしか過ぎないことが「科学的に」解明されてきていると
受け止めることができたと思っています。
冷静に人類社会の発展経緯を考古的手法と炭素年代法を駆使して
解明して行くことでそういう「呪縛」から解放されていくのだと思います。
移動生活段階から定住がはじめられるとそれまでとはまったく違った
「社会」としての規則・ルールというものが自然に成立していった。
移動生活では「その場所から逃げる」という手段で解決してきた
「食糧の欠乏・ゴミ処理・伝染病対応・人間関係トラブル」などについて
社会としてしっかり対策していく必要性が高まって、
上の図のように、まずは土地利用のルール化が進展した。
食糧の備蓄機能の拡充、共同生活圏の創造であるムラ集落の出現。
ゴミ処理場所のルール化で伝染病対策も共同意思決定していった。
その発展に当たっては当然、移動生活段階での「知見」が大いに反映しただろう。
それまでは外界から目的への最適空間を「探す」という行為が主体だったものが、
より積極的に「自ら作り出す」という営為に置き換わっていった。
受動的環境適合から能動的な環境改変へのパラダイムシフト。

そのような営為の中から上のジオラマのようなムラが出現した。
「東京下宅部遺跡」の復元イメージ。東京都東村山市多摩湖町で展開された遺跡。
〜縄文時代後期晩期（約4,000から3,000年前）の遺構・遺物が数多く発見された。
川の流れ跡から木材を組み合わせた施設や多量の縄文土器や石器、丸木舟未製品や
丸木弓・飾り弓・木製容器、編み物の木製品、当時の食生活や自然環境を物語る、
シカ・イノシシの骨やトチノキ・クルミなどの植物が大量に出土した。〜
１万年以上の歳月をかけてこのような集落・ムラ社会を列島人類は創造した。
こういう生活圏形成の延長線上で次代の「農耕」弥生社会が受容されていく。
一方でこういう社会生活の中で統合の精神性とはいったいどうであったのか？
社会規範としての精神性、呪術や祭祀というものも強い根拠を持っていただろう。
祭政という一体の形而上規範が成立していったことも見えてくる。・・・

English version⬇

Settlement and the emergence of the Mura “code” 37,000 Years of the Japanese Archipelago – 18]
Rational solutions to food scarcity, garbage disposal, infectious disease response, and human relations problems. Land use planning and village rules. Visualization of Jomon. The Jomon Period.

Jomon humans, and the “visualization” of their “social” development.
Subsequently, the foundation of society after the Yayoi period was laid during this Jomon period, which lasted over 10,000 years.
The depth of the Jomon period, when considered as the spiritual history of the archipelago’s society, makes one shudder.
It is gratifying to see that modern exploration is reaching into this area.

Settlement is an epoch that completely separates the pre and post Jomon periods.
The National Museum of Japanese History exhibit is a very innovative look at this stage of history, which has traditionally been only touched upon in a cursory manner.
The exhibit at the National Museum of History and Folklore presents a very innovative exploration of this historical stage, which has been only briefly touched upon in the past.
For me personally, the impact of my baptism into leftist ideology in my youth, and the
The basic imprint of the scientific development of human society, “primitive communist society
The concept of a utopia, one of the main concepts advocated by Marx and Lenin, is nothing more than a “myth” at all.
I believe that it is now being “scientifically” elucidated that it is nothing more than a “myth” at all.
I believe that we are now able to accept it.
By calmly elucidating the development of human society using archaeological methods and carbon dating
I believe that we will be freed from such a “spell” if we continue to elucidate the development process of human society using archaeological methods and carbon dating.
I believe that we can free ourselves from such a “spell” by using archaeological methods and carbon dating to understand how human societies developed over time.
The rules and regulations of society were naturally established.
In the mobile life, the solution to the problem was to “escape from the place.
Food shortages, garbage disposal, infectious diseases, human relations problems, etc.
The need for society to take firm measures to deal with these problems has increased.
As shown in the figure above, the first step was to establish rules for land use.
The stockpiling function of food was expanded, and the “village community” emerged as a way of creating a communal living area.
Rules were established for garbage disposal sites, and communal decisions were made regarding infectious disease control.
Naturally, the development of the community was greatly influenced by the “knowledge” gained during the mobile life stage.
Until then, the main activity was to “search” for the best space for one’s goal from the outside world, but now, people are more actively engaged in “creating their own space.
The act of “searching” for the best space for one’s goal from the outside world until then was replaced by the more active act of “creating one’s own space.
A paradigm shift from passive adaptation to active modification of the environment.

The above diorama is the result of such activities.
The explanation was that it was a reconstructed image of the “Tokyo Shimo-Yakubu Ruins.
It is said to be a site that developed in Tamako-cho, Higashimurayama City, Tokyo.
〜The research to date has uncovered many remains and artifacts dating back to the late Jomon Period (approximately 4,000 to 3,000 years ago).
The remains of the river flow at that time revealed facilities made of wood, a large amount of Jomon pottery and stone tools, unmade round wooden boats, round wooden bows, decorative bows, and wooden bows and arrows.
Wooden products such as round wooden bows, decorative bows, wooden containers, and knitted goods, as well as bones of deer and wild boar, which tell of the diet and natural environment of the time, were also found.
Deer and wild boar bones and plants such as horse chestnut and walnut were excavated in large quantities. 〜The site has been in the area for more than 10,000 years.
Over a period of more than 10,000 years, the human beings of the archipelago created such settlements and village societies.
The next generation of “agricultural” Yayoi society was accepted as an extension of this kind of living area formation.
On the other hand, what was the spirituality of integration in this kind of social life?
Spirituality as a social norm, witchcraft, and rituals must have had a strong basis.
We can also see the establishment of a unified metaphysical norm of ritual government. …

Posted on 11月 18th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

〜「定住生活のはじまり」
本格的な定住生活の開始によって人々は「移動」以外の方法で
さまざまな問題を解決する必要に迫られた。
動植物利用技術の発達や計画的な土地利用、生活規範の整備、
呪術・祭祀の発達など社会の複雑化・高度化は定住がもたらした。〜
鹿児島県上野原遺跡では9500年前くらいから大きな集落が形成されていた。
「定型化」された竪穴住居や屋外炉などが発見されている。
残念ながらこの遺跡は「鬼界カルデラ」大噴火（約7,300年前）で衰退した。
縄文の集住集落では照葉樹林から多くの「建築資材」が石斧で切り出され
社会的な建築組織・集団の存在も彷彿させるような
「規格住宅」的な痕跡が見られるというのですね。
「石斧での伐採」という説明パネルがあったけれど、
人間社会の形成は同時に「分業」的な労務分担が進んだことも自明。
前面の海から漁撈を専門として食物獲得する人々もいただろうし、
一方で住宅や土木・丸木舟制作などで「木を使って」ものづくりすることが
専門化したことも当然想像可能。
当たり前だけれど、定住と「家づくり」技術発達は一体のもの。
結果として「竪穴」という温熱環境重視型の家づくりが主流になった。
竪穴形式は自然発生的だったのは世界の遺跡でも普遍的ということからわかる。
日本列島でも東日本、北海道でも同様に作られた。
鹿児島という南国でも寒冷地・北海道でも共通だった。


集落と定住が始まることで同時に祭祀も始められる。
鹿児島では土器の坪を土中に埋める祭祀が行われ
千葉県取掛西貝塚ではイノシシやシカの頭骨を集積した祭祀が行われた。
集住してさまざまな機能分担することが進行すると同時期に
祭祀はそうした社会の結合をより強めるものとして機能したように考えられる。
日本的八百万の神という祖型を見る思いがしてくる。
ウォーターフロントと後背の照葉樹林という独立的な生活圏形成は
この八百万の神と通底する文化構造のように思われますね。
ウォーターフロントが生活圏であったことは、貝塚を必然化させる。
海産資源のうち、もっとも始原的なのは貝類であろうことは間違いない。
前浜で貝を拾えば集落成員のその日の必要採取量が獲得できたと思う。
その残骸として各地に貝塚が遺されていく。
縄文の世の社会構造が、日本という国の原型を作ったことが見えてくる。

浦島太郎の説話には、こういった背景文化圏の想定がごく自然。
こういう「海洋国家」という概念は人類的には珍しいと思える。
少なくとも東アジア圏では農耕が発展した大河川流域での中華国家など
大陸型・征服型王朝の考え方が主流だっただろうけれど、
そういう考え方からは相当に異質な思考ベースが列島社会には根付いていた。
こういう八百万の社会認識は平和国家の基盤とも思われる。

English version⬇

Jomon’s Shoreline Forest is the Mother of Wooden Construction 37,000 Year History of the Japanese Archipelago – 16
Urashima Taro is an expression of the roots of the Japanese people. The one-set settlement of the sea and mountains in the archipelago is a maritime nation type. The settlement created the division of labor and the development of wooden construction technology. The development of wood construction technology.

〜The Beginning of Settled Life
With the start of full-scale settlement, people were forced to solve various problems
The development of plant and animal utilization technology, planned land use
The development of plant and animal husbandry techniques, planned land use, the development of norms for daily life, and the development of magic and rituals all contributed to the complexity and sophistication of society.
The development of plant and animal husbandry technology, planned land use, the development of norms for daily life, and the development of magic and rituals were all brought about by settlement. ~.
At the Uenohara site in Kagoshima Prefecture, a large settlement was formed around 9,500 years ago.
A “standardized” pit dwelling and an outdoor furnace have been found at the site.
Unfortunately, this site was decimated by the great eruption of the “Kikai Caldera” (about 7,300 years ago).
In Jomon settlements, many “building materials” were quarried from the evergreen forests with stone axes.
The existence of a social architectural organization or group is also reminiscent of the Jomon settlements.
The Jomon settlements were also said to have traces of “standardized housing,” reminiscent of the existence of a social building organization or group.
There was a panel explaining the “stone axe logging.
It is obvious that the formation of human society was accompanied by a “division of labor.
There must have been people who specialized in fishing and obtaining food from the sea in front of the house, and on the other hand, there must have been people who specialized in housing, civil engineering, and logging.
On the other hand, it is also possible to imagine that people specialized in “working with wood” for housing, civil engineering, and the production of wooden boats.
It is also possible to imagine that they specialized in “working with wood” for housing, civil engineering, boat building, and so on.
It is natural, but settlement and the development of “house-building” technology are one and the same.
As a result, the “pit” style of house building, which emphasizes thermal environment, became the mainstream.
The fact that the pit style was a spontaneous development is evident from the fact that it is universal among archaeological sites around the world.
In the Japanese archipelago, they were built in eastern Japan and Hokkaido as well.
It was common both in Kagoshima, a southern country, and in Hokkaido, a cold region.

With the beginning of settlements and settlement, rituals were initiated at the same time.
In Kagoshima, rituals were held to bury tsubos of earthenware in the ground.
At Torikake-nishi Shell Mound in Chiba Prefecture, rituals were held to collect the skulls of wild boars and deer.
At the same time that various functions were being shared among people living in clusters, rituals were also being performed to promote social cohesion and to promote the sharing of various functions.
Rituals seem to have functioned as a way to strengthen such social bonds.
This is the ancestral form of the Japanese “8,000,000 gods.
The formation of independent spheres of life along the waterfront and in the shiny-leaved forests in the hinterland
The independent living area formation of the waterfront and the terrestrial forests in the background seems to be a cultural structure that is commonly associated with the eight million deities.
The fact that the waterfront was a living area makes shell mounds inevitable.
Of all the marine resources, shellfish are undoubtedly the most primitive.
I think that picking up shellfish on the foreshore would have provided the community members with the necessary amount for that day’s gathering.
Shell middens were left behind as remnants of these shell middens in various locations.
The social structure of the Jomon period is the prototype for the nation of Japan.

In the legend of Urashima Taro, the assumption of such a background cultural sphere is quite natural.
This kind of concept of a “maritime nation” seems to be rare in human terms.
At least in the East Asian sphere, such as the Chinese nation in a large river basin where agriculture developed.
In East Asia at least, the idea of continental and conquering dynasties, such as the Chinese state in a large river basin where agriculture was developed, would have been the mainstream.
However, the archipelago society was rooted in a thought base that was quite different from such a way of thinking.
This kind of social recognition of the eight million people is thought to be the foundation of a peaceful nation.

Posted on 11月 16th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

旧石器から縄文へと変遷してくると定住もあって
より安全な社会が到来したとつい考えたくなる。
実際にマルクス共産主義思想にわたしが惹かれた経験があるのも、
いわゆる「原始共産社会」というイメージ刷り込みが行われ
そこでは階級格差のない平和な社会が実現していたというプロパガンダが
盛んに流布されていたからだと思うのです。
青年期を迎えた正義心には魅力的な社会と思った部分がある。
しかし歴史を冷徹に見ていけば、狩猟の手段も縄文期に進化して
とくに「弓矢」という、後の世の戦争・殺し合いの主要ツールが
この縄文の世で育まれたことがわかってくる。
日本列島では縄文という漁撈と採集を生業とした社会が実現するけれど
世界史一般としては旧石器から農耕社会に移行していく。
縄文と同様にこの弓矢の発明、殺戮武器の進化があってレッドラインを超えていく。
農耕社会では「略奪可能な食料」としての農産物集積があり、
それを社会同士で奪い合う戦争が常態化していくことになる。
日本列島では農耕はやや遅れて弥生の世まで待つことになり
比較的に戦争の時代は遅れたのではないかと推定できるけれど、
さりとてマルクス主義の理想郷社会とは実態は乖離していたと想像できる。

図のように弓矢の発明は旧石器由来の狩猟のツール進化であることは疑いない。
大型陸上動物のハンティングによって種の減少があり
それをカバーするためにより小動物を遠距離から狙う必要性が高まった。
縄文の世を実現した落葉広葉樹の森は同時に多様な小型生物種も増加させた。
旧石器時代の追いこみ猟・落とし穴猟に加えてこういう「飛び道具」の出現。
弥生以降の血生臭い戦争は縄文の世が育んでいったことになる。
動物を殺戮可能なツールは人間に対しても当然有効。
けっしてユートピア社会だったのではなく次代の戦争の時代を着々と準備した。
縄文の世は定住が実現することで同時に地域社会が作られたと思える。
そういう地域間同士というのは必然的に近攻遠交という考え方を生む。
狩猟の「縄張り」が隣接する同士はどうしても反目する。
弥生の世になると農耕地自体が「財」として認識されて
「一所懸命」的な思想を人類に刷り込んでいくけれど、
その前段階の思考法は縄文でもあったに違いない。
境界線は弥生以降の農地のように明示的ではないけれど
やはり慣習的「猟場」感覚はそれぞれ社会で認識されていただろう。
そういう認識相互での反目関係は容易に成長しただろう。
社会が形成されれば必然的に「安全保障」を人類は求めることになる。

北海道での北方民の研究で狩猟採集段階の人々の間でも
弓矢で殺害されたことが明示的な遺骨発掘があったとも聞いている。
弓矢という「兵器」開発にはどうしても強い関心を持ってしまう。

English version⬇

The Invention of the Bow and Arrow in the Jomon Period and the Foreboding of War 37,000 Years of Japanese Archipelago – 14
Sinful humans continued to slaughter wild animals with gentle eyes. The “weapon” itself evolved and developed. …

As the transition from Paleolithic to Jomon, there was settlement.
It is tempting to think that the transition from Paleolithic to Jomon brought about a safer society.
In fact, my experience of being attracted to the Marxist-communist ideology is due in part to the imprinting of the image of a so-called “primitive communist society” on my mind.
I was attracted to Marx’s communist ideology because it imprinted an image of a so-called “primitive communist society,” where there was peace without class inequality.
and the propaganda that a peaceful society with no class disparity had been realized there.
I think it was because of the propaganda that was actively disseminated.
A part of me thought it was an attractive society for the righteous minds of my youth.
However, if we take a cold look at history, the means of hunting also evolved during the Jomon period, and
In particular, the “bow and arrow,” a major tool for war and killing in later times, was developed in this Jomon period.
The Jomon period was also the time when the Jomon developed the bow and arrow, the main tool for warfare and killing in later times.
In the Japanese archipelago, the Jomon realized a society that depended on fishing and gathering for its livelihood, but in the world history in general, the Jomon developed from the Paleolithic period.
In the Jomon period, the Jomon were a fishing and gathering society, but world history in general has seen a transition from Paleolithic to agricultural societies.
As with the Jomon, the invention of the bow and arrow, and the evolution of killing weapons, crossed the red line.
In an agrarian society, there is an accumulation of agricultural products as “lootable food.
Warfare in which societies fight each other for it will become the norm.
In the Japanese archipelago, agriculture was delayed until the Yayoi period.
In the Japanese archipelago, agriculture was delayed until the Yayoi period, and the age of war was probably delayed comparatively.
However, we can imagine that the reality of the society was far removed from the Marxist utopia.

As shown in the figure, there is no doubt that the invention of the bow and arrow is a tool evolution of Paleolithic origin hunting.
Hunting of large terrestrial animals led to the decline of species, and to compensate for this, there was a decline of smaller animals.
The hunting of large terrestrial animals led to a decrease in the number of species, and to compensate for this, the need to target smaller animals from a distance increased.
The deciduous broadleaf forests that made the Jomon period possible also increased the diversity of small species.
In addition to the pursuit and pitfall hunting of the Paleolithic period, these “jumpers” emerged.
The bloody wars of the Yayoi and later periods were fostered by the Jomon period.
Tools that can kill animals are naturally effective against humans.
The Jomon were not a utopian society, but were steadily preparing for the next era of warfare.
The Jomon period seems to have been a time of settlement and the creation of regional societies.
The idea of close combat between regions inevitably led to the concept of “close combat”.
Adjacent hunting “territories” inevitably turned against each other.
In the Yayoi period, agricultural land itself was recognized as “property.
The Yayoi period, which was the beginning of the “hard-working” mentality that was imprinted on the human race, was a time of conflict.
The Jomon must have had a way of thinking at an earlier stage.
Although the boundaries are not as explicit as those of agricultural lands in the Yayoi period and later, the Jomon must have had their own customary “hunting grounds”.
The Jomon also must have had a customary sense of “hunting grounds,” although the boundaries were not as explicit as those of agricultural lands since the Yayoi period.
Such mutual antagonisms would have grown easily.
Once a society is formed, it will inevitably seek “security” for its people.

Studies of northern peoples in Hokkaido have shown that even among hunter-gatherer peoples, it is not uncommon for people to be killed by bow and arrow.
I have also heard that there have been remains excavated in Hokkaido that clearly indicate that people were killed with bows and arrows.
I cannot help but have a strong interest in the development of “weapons” called bows and arrows.

Posted on 11月 14th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

日本列島での人類の暮らし、約16,000年前頃から縄文が始まり
それまでの狩猟採集の生業・移動キャンプ生活から「定住」が開始したとされる。
現世人類史7-8万年と言われるなかでようやく「住宅建築」が始まる。
上の写真と図版イラストは東京都あきる野市の「前田耕地遺跡」。
復元イメージとされるイラストの説明文は以下。
〜１万５千年前以降、各地で少数ながら住居状施設が見つかり始める。
ライフスタイルは旧石器時代の遊動生活から定着的な生活へと変化した。
東京都・前田耕地遺跡は河川合流点に位置し直径３ｍの住居跡が２軒ある。
また、洞窟や岩陰が居住に利用されることも多くなった。〜
写真を見ると円形の平面がわかる。建築的な空間の結界認識のはじめ。
イラストではテント状の構造で外観的には「三角錐」形状となる。
壁であり屋根である外皮で外界と結界するカタチ。
構造的に小屋組みは木材を交差させ頂部を組み合わせて造作したと推測できる。
３ｍという規模感を見ると２−３人の利用規模と思える。
〜二棟の住居跡が検出。一棟は掘りこみがなく8個の川原石が外周の一部に
沿って並べられておりいわゆる平地式の住居跡とみられている。
もう一棟は柱穴こそ確認されなかったが深さ10センチほどの掘りこみを持ち、
中央のやや北寄りに炉が設けられていた。〜
平地式と竪穴式の２棟があったというのはきわめて面白い。
竪穴という住居は地面を掘り下げることでその土地の「年平均気温」程度の
「地熱」が獲得できるが住宅建築創始期から人類はこの公知を持っていた。
また、この周辺からは2000点を超える石槍と膨大な剥片などが出土する。
ここで石槍を集中的に製作していたことが分かる。竪穴住居跡の床面土中から
大量の哺乳動物と魚類の骨片が検出され特に魚類の骨片を詳細に分析した結果、
住居内に60から70個のサケの頭部が存在。遺跡が多摩川とその支流・秋川が
合流する川べりに立地する特徴を考えるとサケが溯上する秋を中心とする時期に、
その捕獲と合わせて石槍を集中的に製作したと推定される。
石槍はイラストにあるようにサケを捕獲する道具として利用したのだろう。
日本列島的な定住ライフスタイルの原形が示されているように思える。
いまの東京都あきる野市でサケの遡上があるかどうか知らないけれど、
縄文海進当時には遡上が見られたということ。

一方で「洞窟や岩陰」という住居もとくに海岸線地域では利用されただろう。
縄文海進と温暖化、高温多湿への気候変化に対応して
列島人類は水辺に主たる生活圏を構成していったと思われる。
列島の海岸線でこういう洞窟利用の痕跡は多く発見されていてポピュラー。
わたしの家はブロック造ですが、こういう洞窟住居のDNA痕跡かとも思える。
そういえばヨーロッパは伝統的に「石の家」文化が根強いけれど
やはり洞窟住居DNAと連関性があるのかも知れない。

English version⬇

The Beginning of Settlement = The Inception of “Housing” 37,000 Years of Japanese Archipelago History-12
Pit dwellings, flatland dwellings, and cave dwellings, which can be considered the DNA roots of stone architecture. The basic prototype of housing from the early Jomon period.

Human life in the Japanese archipelago, starting around 16,000 years ago, the Jomon period began.
The Jomon period began around 16,000 years ago, and “settlement” is said to have begun, replacing the hunter-gatherer lifestyle and mobile camps that had existed until then.
Housing construction” finally began during the 70,000 to 80,000 years of present human history.
The photo and illustration above are of the Maeda Kochi Site in Akiruno City, Tokyo.
The following is a description of the illustration, which is said to be a restored image.
〜From 15,000 to 15,000 years ago, a small number of dwelling-like structures began to be found in various areas.
Lifestyles seem to have changed from the nomadic lifestyle of the Paleolithic Age to a more sedentary lifestyle.
At the Maeda Kochi site in Tokyo, located at the confluence of rivers, two dwelling sites with a diameter of 3 m were found.
In addition, caves and rocky shadows were often used for habitation. ~.
The photographs reveal a circular plan. The beginning of architectural space boundary recognition.
In the illustration, the tent-like structure is externally “triangular pyramidal” in shape.
The outer skin, which is both a wall and a roof, forms a boundary with the outside world.
Structurally, it can be inferred that the hut structure was built by crossing timbers and combining the tops.
The scale of 3m seems to indicate that 2-3 people used the house.
〜The remains of two dwellings were found. One of the dwellings was not dug into the ground, and eight river stones were laid out along a part of the perimeter.
The other building is thought to be a so-called “flatland style” dwelling site.
The other building has a 10cm-deep ditch with a furnace in the center slightly to the north, although no pillar holes were found.
A furnace was located slightly to the north of the center of the building. 〜The other building had a furnace in the center, slightly to the north.
It is very interesting that there were two types of dwellings, a plain type and a pit type.
A pit dwelling can obtain “geothermal heat” equivalent to the “average annual temperature” of the land by digging down into the ground.
This is something that humans have known since the earliest days of residential construction.
In addition, more than 2,000 stone spears and a vast amount of flakes have been excavated from this area.
This indicates that stone spears were intensively produced here. From the floor soil of the pit dwelling site
A large number of mammalian and fish bone fragments were found in the floor soil of the pit dwelling site, and a detailed analysis of the fish bone fragments in particular revealed that there were 60 to 70 salmon cages within the dwelling.
Detailed analysis of fish bone fragments in particular revealed the presence of 60 to 70 salmon heads within the dwelling. The site is located on the riverbank where the Tama River and its tributary, the Akigawa River, converge.
The site is located at the confluence of the Tama River and its tributary, the Akigawa River, it is likely that the site was used to catch and spear salmon in the fall when the salmon were running upstream.
It is presumed that stone spears were intensively manufactured in conjunction with the capture of salmon in the fall when they migrate upstream.
The stone spears were probably used as tools for catching salmon, as shown in the illustration.
This seems to be the prototype of the Japanese archipelago’s sedentary lifestyle.
I do not know if there is a salmon run in Akiruno City, Tokyo today, but I do know that the run was seen at the time of the Jomon sea advance.

On the other hand, “caves and rock shadows” dwellings would also have been used, especially in coastal areas.
In response to the Jomon sea advance, global warming, and climatic changes from hot to humid
The archipelago’s human population seems to have made the waterside their main living area.
Many traces of cave use have been found along the coastlines of the archipelago, and it is very popular.
My house is made of blocks, but I think it may be DNA traces of such cave dwellings.
Come to think of it, Europe has traditionally had a strong “stone house” culture.
I wonder if it is related to the DNA of cave dwellings.

Posted on 11月 12th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

まだ裁判も始まっていない、容疑者の精神鑑定中でもあるけれど、
安倍元総理の暗殺事件があってその引き金を引いた人間が
ある宗教に母親が多額の寄進をして一家経済破綻したことを動機として
語ったという警察リーク以来、その宗教に対して世の中の関心が高まった。

わたし自身は特段特定宗教に対して信心する、
あるいは積極的に宗教活動にのめり込むということはなかった。
一方高校生時期に新左翼運動に傾倒してアジ演説などはしていた。
左翼の思想に対し内面から沸き立ってくる社会正義観と同期させていた。
しかし多くのきっかけで内省を深める機会を持てたことで自から関係を絶った。
その後、今回の問題の教団の関係団体などにも大学キャンパス周辺で
強引な勧誘活動に遭遇したことはあったが関わりを持つことはなかった。
左翼運動と宗教というのはある相似性は持っているとは感じた。
勧誘を受けたときのファナティックな「宗教心」にはきわめて懐疑的だった。
それはたぶん左翼運動離脱経験から得たものだったように思っている。
左翼運動というものがある特定の思想を絶対強制するのに対して
違った角度、欲望喚起型とは思えた。
宗教は「こういう攻め方をするのか」とちょっと驚いていた。
それは端的に言って「カネが絡む」という感覚だろうか。
歴史が好きな人間としては、在地する神社仏閣に対しては
人間の「文化活動」の大きな痕跡として強く興味は持っている。
そういう荘厳性の維持には当然カネは掛かるのも事実。
布施というものを集金しない限り、存続し続けることは難しい。
宗教は巨大になればなるほど、必要なおカネをどうするのかという
問題の解決を迫られることは疑いがないだろう。
日本社会では歴史的な変遷経緯を経て、宗教の無税が実施されている。
写真のような成田山新勝寺の境内風景を見たことがある。
この寺院は関東有数の初詣ランキング上位の常連として名高い。
1位 明治神宮（東京都）319万人
2位 成田山新勝寺（千葉県）298万人
3位 川崎大師（神奈川県）296万人
〜2020年全国の初詣参拝者数ランキングより。
その参道の中腹に写真のような「お布施額」を誇らしげに見せる石碑群。
よくみるとどれにも金額が大書されている・・・。
金額については日本が経験してきた金融経済史が反映されているけれど、
いかにも「どうだ」みたいに恥ずかしげも無く顕示されている。
どういった経緯でこういう無知性な表現に至るのか、疑問。
参道に設置されているということは宗教としての意思も感じる。

こういう事例はとくにこの寺に限らず普遍的に存在する。
信心の篤さが金額表現されているような異様な光景・・・。
信者としては篤志として寄進したのだろうけれど、
宗教としてはそれを石碑として表象する特異な相関性。
これは人間社会のある根幹部分をも示しているのではないか。

English version⬇

[Religious piety and discomfort with the expression “fuse amount.
The way the money is expressed without hesitation makes my feet heavy as I walk along the approach to the temple. It is a fact that Catholics were also selling indulgences. The fact that Catholics also sold indulgences. I am not sure if this is true or not.

Though the trial has not yet begun, and the suspect is still undergoing psychiatric evaluation
There was an assassination attempt on former Prime Minister Abe, and the person who triggered it
The police leaked that the person who triggered the assassination of former Prime Minister Abe spoke of his mother’s large donation to a certain religion as a motive for the family’s financial ruin.
The police leaked a story that the person who triggered the assassination of former Prime Minister Abe said that he was motivated by his mother’s large donation to a religion that had ruined the family financially.

I myself am not a believer in any particular religion, nor do I actively participate in religious activities.
I myself have never been a believer in any particular religion or actively involved in religious activities.
On the other hand, during my high school years, I was devoted to the New Left Movement and gave speeches.
I synchronized leftist ideology with a sense of social justice that welled up inside me.
However, after many opportunities to deepen his introspection, he voluntarily severed his relationship with the group in question.
Later, I was also involved in groups related to the cult in question in this case, and other groups around the university campus.
I have encountered aggressive recruiting activities around the university campus, but I have never been involved with them.
I felt that the leftist movement and religion have certain similarities.
I was very skeptical of the fanatic “religiosity” of those who were recruited.
I think that this was probably a result of my experience of leaving the leftist movement.
Whereas the leftist movement absolutely enforces a certain ideology, the leftist movement has a different angle, a desire-driven approach.
I thought it was a different angle, a desire-inspiring type.
I was a little surprised that religion would be attacked in this way.
Is that the sense of “money involved” in a nutshell?
As a person who loves history, I have an interest in the shrines and temples that are located in the area.
I have a strong interest in local shrines and temples as major traces of human “cultural activities.
It is also true that it costs money to maintain such solemnity.
Unless they collect donations, it is difficult for them to continue to exist.
The larger a religion becomes, the more it is forced to solve the problem of how to raise the necessary money.
There is no doubt that the larger a religion becomes, the more it will be forced to solve the problem of what to do with the money it needs.
In Japanese society, there is a historical transition process that has resulted in the implementation of tax-free religion.
I have seen the precincts of Naritasan Shinsho-ji Temple as shown in the photo.
This temple is renowned as one of the top regulars in the Kanto region’s leading Hatsumode ranking.
No. 1 Meiji Jingu Shrine (Tokyo): 3.19 million visitors
No. 2 Naritasan Shinshoji Temple (Chiba Prefecture): 2.98 million visitors
No. 3 Kawasaki Daishi Temple (Kanagawa Prefecture): 2.96 million visitors
〜The number of visitors to the temple is based on the ranking of the number of visitors to the temple in Japan in 2020.
The picture shows a group of stone monuments in the middle of the approach to the temple, proudly displaying the “amount of offerings” as shown in the picture.
If you look closely, you can see the amount of money written in large letters on all of them….
The amount of money reflects the financial and economic history that Japan has experienced.
The amount of money reflects the financial and economic history that Japan has experienced, but it is shamelessly displayed as if to say, “How’s it going?
I wonder how they came up with this ignorant expression.
The fact that it is placed on the approach to the temple suggests a religious intention.

This kind of case is not limited to this temple in particular, but exists universally.
It is a bizarre scene that seems to express the amount of money that the piety of the believers is expressed.
As a believer, he/she may have donated the money as a gesture of charity, but as a religious person, he/she respects it as a monument.
But as a religion, it is respected as a stone monument.
This may indicate a fundamental part of human society.

Posted on 11月 10th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究 | No Comments »