さて、GW明けてさまざまな案件が一気進行ですが、
そういう生々しい現実とはまた別に深掘り探索も引き続き進めたい。
ブログテーマは歴史と建築・住宅探訪テーマに復帰したいと思います。

関西圏というのはやはり歴史的に日本人には馴染みが深い。
とくに奈良は政治権力中枢の痕跡が山積しているので
いろいろな分析のための手掛かりを提供してくれる。
わたしの家系では「慶長年中」という日付年代特定の書付記録を
残してくれたご先祖さまがいてその前後のことが確実な事実のようなのです。
「紀州にて仕官」という記述があるのですね。
とくに北海道のような遠隔地に居住域を移転した家系の人間にして見ると
現代のような広域活動とWEBなどの通信交流手段を獲得した時代、
その利点を活かして自分のルーツという興味分野を手掘りしたくなる。
ということで、紀州和歌山には数回訪問させていただいている。
最近は関西空港が交通手段、ルートになることが多いので
交通的にも縁が深まってきている次第です。
で、現代に残る和歌山市内の地名で「三木町」という地名を発見した。
直接にはこの慶長の時期、家系伝承では別の姓を名乗っているのですが
しかしその後の経緯を考え合わせると、ややか細いながらも手掛かりにはなる。
で、「わかやま歴史館」というお城近隣の歴史研究施設を訪問。
展示ではずっと後代の御三家紀州徳川氏居城時代が中心なので
直接手掛かりは得られなかった。やむなく窓口で問い合わせたら
ありがたくも学芸員の方が対応していただけ興味深い情報を教えていただいた。
この和歌山城は雑賀衆の拠点地域で秀吉の雑賀殲滅戦後、
秀吉の弟の秀長が領地として受け取ったけれど、秀長自身は政権中枢であり
城については家臣（主に桑山氏）が支配していたとされ、築城についても
戦国ー江戸期の武将の藤堂高虎が基本設計して骨格を造作した。
で、学芸員さんもその当時の資料というのはほとんどない状況だということ。
記録は圧倒的に紀州徳川家以降のもので開削期の秀吉政権時期の資料は乏しいと。
しかし当方の「慶長年中」という手掛かりをお話しすると
まだ確定していない予測段階での情報についてもお知らせいただいた。
学芸員さんというのは歴史の研究者であり、論文などで新説を発表して
その根拠をしっかり固めていく作業が不可欠。
そういう意味では踏み込んでいろいろご教授いただき感謝であります。

市井の歴史好き、とくにルーツに関わる興味から想像力を磨きたい側にすると
非常に有益な「ヒント」として活用させていただけると思いました。
現代の地名でも、また江戸期とおぼしき上と中の地図には「南雑賀」と
三木町の名前が地域の有力河川「和歌川」に面してあり、最大河川紀ノ川と
港への河川交通の要衝地に発見される。
城からの距離も指呼の間であり、城下町機能として経済活動を想起させる。
＜長くなったのでこの項、あしたへ続く＞

English version⬇

Traces of “human relations” in place names: Nara and Wakayama Exploration-23
A record of an ancestor who served in Kishu has led to the discovery of the town name “Miki-machi” in Wakayama City. I am “Koko hore wan wan” (laugh). Laughs…

Well, after the start of GW, various projects are in full swing.
I would like to continue to explore in depth apart from the raw reality of the situation.
I would like to return to the theme of exploring history, architecture, and housing.

The Kansai region is historically very familiar to the Japanese.
Especially in Nara, there are many traces of the center of political power.
This provides us with clues for various analyses.
In my family, I have an ancestor who left us a written record of a specific date, “Keicho Nenchu” (during the Keicho period).
I have an ancestor who left me a written record of a specific date, “Keicho Nen”, and what happened around that time seems to be a solid fact.
I see that there is a reference to “serving in Kishu.
Especially for those of us whose ancestors moved to remote areas such as Hokkaido, it is difficult to understand why they would be so interested in such a wide-area activity such as this modern-day WEB.
In this day and age of wide-area activities and the means of communication and exchange such as the Internet, it is very important to take advantage of this.
I feel like taking advantage of this opportunity and digging into my own roots.
This is why I have visited Kishu Wakayama several times.
Recently, Kansai Airport is often my means of transportation and route.
I am becoming more and more connected to the city.
I found a place name “Miki-machi” in the city of Wakayama that remains in modern times.
Directly during this Keicho period, the family lore has a different family name.
However, when we consider the subsequent history, it provides a clue, albeit a somewhat tenuous one.
So, we visited the Wakayama History Museum, a historical research facility near the castle.
The exhibits were mainly about the period when the castle was occupied by the Kishu Tokugawa clan, one of the three great families of the Tokugawa dynasty, and so I could not get any direct clues.
I could not get any direct clues. I had no choice but to inquire at the counter.
Thankfully, a curator was able to provide me with some interesting information.
This Wakayama Castle was a stronghold of the Zoga Shu, and after Hideyoshi’s extermination of the Zoga, the castle was used by Hideyoshi’s younger brother, Hidenaga, as his consul.
After Hideyoshi’s extermination of the Zoga, Hidenaga, the younger brother of Hideyoshi, received the castle as his domain, but Hidenaga himself was the center of the government.
The castle is said to have been controlled by his vassals (mainly the Kuwayama clan), and the construction of the castle is also said to have been controlled by a warlord from the Sengoku to the Edo period.
The basic design and framework of the castle was built by Takatora Todo, a general in the Sengoku and Edo periods.
The curator said that there are almost no materials available at that time.
The records are overwhelmingly from the Kishu-Tokugawa family and later, and there are no materials from the Hideyoshi administration during the period of excavation.
However, when we gave them our clue that the excavation took place during the Keicho period, they said, “We have no information at the stage of prediction.
We were also informed that the information was still in the process of being determined.
Curators are researchers of history, and they are in the process of presenting new theories
It is essential for us to present new theories in papers and other publications, and to firmly establish the basis for such theories.
In that sense, I am grateful for your in-depth teaching.

As a history buff, especially on the side of those who want to improve their imagination based on their roots-related interests, I thought this would be a very useful “tip” to use.
I thought it would be a very useful “hint” for those who want to improve their imagination, especially those who are interested in the roots of history.
In the modern place names, as well as in the above and middle photos taken in the Edo period, the name “Minami-Zaika” and the name of Miki Town are shown as “Minami-Zaika”.
The name of Miki Town faces the Waka River, a major river in the region, and is a strategic location for river transportation to the Kino River, the largest river in the region, and to the port.
The town is found at a strategic point for river traffic to the port.
The distance from the castle is also within a stone’s throw, and the town’s function as a castle town reminds us of economic activities.

Posted on 5月 11th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

本日からGW明けの通常営業日であります、がんばるぞっと。
連休の間、お世話になっていた愛車でありますが、トラブル発生。
まったくうっかりしていたのですが、オイル点検を怠っていて
エンジンスタート時などやや異音を感じていた。
連休の谷間にメーカーに持ち込んでメンテナンスしてもらい復活。
その後は快適に復元しておりますが、大きな教訓。

実はクルマのメンテについては友人の経営していたガソリンスタンドで
給油する折に定期的にチェックしてもらっていて、
その作業中は友人と世間話などをするばかりですっかりお任せだった。
自分のクルマなのにセルフチェックがまったく忘却されていた次第。
で、世間の趨勢からそのガソリンスタンドが閉店したので
その後はセルフ給油オンリーで過ごしていたのです。
ということで、久しぶりにメーカーの人と会話する機会があった。
「いや、申し訳ありませんでした、ありがとう」
「まぁ大丈夫だとは思いますが、気をつけてください」
「ところで次の買い換えではそろそろ、EVとか、なのかなぁ？」
「・・・・・・・」
「どうなの？」
と、答を促したところ、ある時点から意を決したように発言が・・・。
ちなみにEVメーカーの象徴みたいなTESLA社の株式時価総額は110兆円。
昨年度販売台数は93.6万台。
一方日本の代表的メーカーのトヨタの株式時価総額は40兆円。
って、これはその前年度の23兆円からほぼ倍増しての金額。
で、昨年度販売台数は1,100万台。
販売台数ではそれこそケタ違いなのに、思惑入りの株相場では
反対に2.5倍超の逆転現象が生じている。
こういった「これから」アナウンスにすっかり慣れさせられているけれど、
これがまともなのかどうかは五里霧中。
世界的な脱石油の思惑の進行がそのまま株価評価に表れている。

「いまのところ、北海道ではEVは難しいと思います。
EVは発熱も少ないので冬場、スイッチONにしても車体から雪が落ちません。
充電状況で総距離に制限がかかるので急な走行にはムリがある。
充電には時間も掛かるのでスタンド充電に待ち時間も発生する。
自宅での太陽光発電からの充電についても各戸で数百万の費用負担が
はたして一般消費者に可能なのかどうか？」などなど、
さまざまなマイナス要因が当事者からマシンガンのように連射されていた。
足下では友人の会社ばかりではなく地方ではGS廃業が現実化して
GSのない市町村が増加することも避けられない趨勢。
また日本では温暖地域はその変化に耐えられるかも知れないけれど
寒冷地は不適応として放置されていく可能性も高い。
で、TESLAのイーロン・マスク氏は先頃Twitter社を買収した。
クルマの未来を支配し、同時にコミュニケーションの場も支配下に置く。
たしかに商売人としては大成功なのでしょうが、
ロシアによる現代世界秩序の破壊という状況の中で、
こういった方向に本当にすべてが収斂していくのかどうか、
そういえば氏からは自由の旗手のような反プーチン発言もあったけれど、
ひょっとしてオオカミ少年と独裁の結託なのではという不安も。
クルマの未来、どうも先行きは不透明ではないかと思えます。

English version⬇

What is the future of snowy and cold regions and cars?
Mask’s Twitter acquisition of TESLA, an environmental wolf-boy company, with a market capitalization of over 2.5 times that of a company with 930,000 cars compared to 11 million cars. …

Today is the first normal business day after GW, and I will do my best.
My car, which had been taken care of during the holidays, had a trouble.
I was totally careless, but I neglected to check the oil.
I had been feeling a somewhat strange noise when starting the engine.
During the trough of the consecutive holidays, I brought it to the manufacturer for maintenance and it was restored.
It has been comfortably restored since then, but a big lesson learned.

I had my car checked regularly when I refueled at a gas station owned by a friend of mine.
I had my car checked regularly when I refueled at a gas station owned by a friend of mine.
During the checkups, I just chatted with my friend and left the work to him.
I had completely forgotten about self-checking, even though it was my own car.
And then, the gas station was closed due to the trend of the world.
So, after that, I spent my time only with self-fueling.
So, after a long time, I had a chance to talk with a person from the manufacturer.
He said, “No, I am sorry, thank you.”
He said, “Well, I’m sure it’s fine, but please be careful.”
‘By the way, I wonder if it’s time for the next replacement, EV or otherwise?
“・・・・・・・”
How’s that?”
I urged him to answer, and at some point he made a statement as if he had made up his mind….
Incidentally, TESLA, which is like a symbol of EV manufacturers, has a market capitalization of 110 trillion yen.
Last year, it sold 936,000 vehicles.
On the other hand, the market capitalization of Toyota, Japan’s leading manufacturer, is 40 trillion yen.
This is almost double the amount of the previous year’s 23 trillion yen.
And the number of vehicles sold in the last fiscal year was 11 million.
While the sales volume is off the charts, the speculative stock market has been
In the stock market, on the other hand, the opposite is true, with a reversal phenomenon of more than 2.5 times.
We have become accustomed to these “from now on” announcements.
But whether or not this is the right thing to do is still in doubt.
The progression of global speculation on a global shift away from oil is directly reflected in stock valuations.
At the moment, I think it is difficult to use EVs in Hokkaido.
EVs generate little heat, so in winter, snow does not fall from the body when the switch is turned on.
The total distance is limited by the charging status, so there is no way to drive quickly.
Charging takes time, so there is a waiting time for charging at a gas station.
The cost of recharging from solar power at home is several million dollars for each household.
Is this really feasible for the average consumer? And so on.
The parties concerned were firing a barrage of negative factors like machine guns.
Not only my friend’s company, but also in rural areas, GS closures are becoming a reality.
In Japan, although warmer regions may be able to withstand such changes, the number of cities and towns without GSs is increasing.
In Japan, warm regions may be able to withstand such changes, but cold regions are likely to be left as maladaptive.
In Japan, while warmer regions may be able to withstand the changes, colder regions are likely to be left unadapted.
So, TESLA’s Elon Musk recently acquired Twitter, Inc.
He controls the future of the car, and at the same time, he controls the place of communication.
Yes, he is a very successful businessman, but
in the context of Russia’s destruction of the modern world order.
I wonder if everything is really going to converge in this direction.
Come to think of it, he has made some anti-Putin statements as if he were the standard-bearer of freedom, but I am not so sure.
I am also concerned that this may be a collusion between the wolf boy and dictatorship.
The future of automobiles seems to be very uncertain.

Posted on 5月 9th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 状況・政治への発言 | No Comments »

きのうの「四神デザイン」について友人読者のNさんから
とくに「青竜」図とされる表現について違和感が示されていた。
わたしも「イヌかシカか？」という印象を書いた次第ですが、
昭和生まれのわたしたち年代の人間として、これから永く残したい
復元建築の平城宮大極殿を飾る「四神図」としてはいろいろ意見があるところ。
もう一点は「玄武」としての亀とヘビの絡みの図案。
作家の日本画家・上村淳之氏の言としてはまったくの独創だということ。
一方、対比的に示した写真群はやや時代がさかのぼる法隆寺の伎楽面。
「写実的」な彫刻が主流のこの時代の美術作品のなかでは、
その用途から考えてもデフォルメした表現作品だと思える。
復元四神デザインのコンセプトとある程度似つかわしいと思えた次第。
ただ正殿壁画デザインコンセプトたるかと言われれば悩ましい。
復元に当たって、発注者側の方針がどうであったかが問われるところだけれど、
そういう肉声はわれわれには知る手掛かりがない。
結果として、画伯の表現作品が「平成の復元」の思想として残っていく。
当然ながら民主主義の時代であり主権者各人の受け止め方は自由だと思う。
ただ、これが奈良期の建築とデザイン思想の「よすが」として
後世にまで残っていくことも事実。そういう難しさがある。
当事者のみなさんにはさまざまな葛藤もあったに違いない。

奈良平城宮は歴史的には天武−持統天皇期であり、
建築に当たって藤原不比等が事実上の宰相として仕切っていたとされる。
かれは中臣鎌足の次男であり「史〜フミヒト:書記官」という教育を受け
百済からの亡命官僚群から「中華思想」の骨格を学んだとされる。
具体的には田辺史大隅（たなべのふひとおおすみ）の家で養育されたという。
広く彼らが持っていた漢文や儒教・仏教そして建築の知識を受け継いだ。
この時代にあっては最高学府で最新の知見を身に付けた人物。
持統天皇3年（689年）2月に「判事」に任命されたことから頭角を現す。
この平城宮大極殿もそのような知見の元に事業構築されたと推定できる。
従って建築意図としては正調の中華国家施設を日本でも造営できるのだという
目的意識が当然にして想定できる。
その時代背景を勘案すれば「四神」はどのような表現だっただろうか。
とくに青竜、玄武というような想像力の不可欠な神格について
国家そのものとも言える建築装飾選択で、藤原不比等の脳内に
どういうイメージが浮かんだか想像すれば、この復元にやや違和感はある。

しかしやはりこれは「復元」でありマザーの表現手掛かりも
失われていることを思えば、いまのファンタジックでかわいい系の表現も
「平成の復元」としてならば後世に残っていくことも了解できるか。
しかし自由言論の時代、いろいろ考えてみる契機にはなるでしょうね。

English version⬇

Nara Period and Modern Times, “Restoration” of Aesthetics, Exploration of Heijo-kyo, Nara – 21
Restoration” of the prestige architectural interior design from the democratic modern period to the pioneer period of the nation. Especially, it is difficult to find a way to express the products of imagination. …

A reader friend of mine, Mr. N, expressed his discomfort about the “Four Gods Design” of yesterday.
He expressed his discomfort especially with the expression “blue dragon”.
I also wrote about my impression of “a dog or a deer? I also wrote about my impression of the “blue dragon” design.
As a person of our generation born in the Showa period, I would like to leave it for a long time to come.
There are various opinions about the “Four Deities” that adorn the restored Daigoku-den Hall of the Heijo Palace.
Another is the design of a tortoise and snake intertwined as “Genbu” (Genbu).
The artist, Japanese-style painter Uemura Atsuyuki, says that it is completely original.
On the other hand, the contrasting group of photographs shows a Gigaku mask from Horyuji Temple, which dates back to a slightly earlier period.
In this period, when “realistic” sculpture was the norm, these masks are not at all deformed in terms of their intended use.

In terms of its use, it seems to be a deformed work of expression.
It is somewhat similar to the concept of the design of the four restored deities.
However, it is difficult to say whether this is the same as the concept of the mural design for the main hall.
It is a question of what was the policy of the client side for the restoration.
However, we have no clue as to what the client’s policy was in the process of restoration.
As a result, the artist’s expression remains as the idea of “Heisei no Restoration.
Naturally, we live in an era of democracy, and each sovereign person is free to decide how he or she perceives the work.
However, it is a fact that this work will remain as a “means” of architectural and design thought in the Nara period.
It is also a fact that this work will remain as a “means” of architectural and design thought of the Nara period for posterity. Such is the difficulty.
I am sure that the people involved in this project must have faced many conflicts.

Historically, Nara Heijo Palace was built during the Temmu and Jito periods.
Fujiwara no Fuhito is said to have been in charge of the construction as de facto prime minister.
He was the second son of Nakatomi Kamatatsu, and was educated as a “history (fumihito: scribe)” and a “Chinese” from a group of exiled bureaucrats from Baekje.
He is said to have learned the framework of “Chinese thought” from a group of exiled bureaucrats from Baekje.
Specifically, he was brought up in the house of Tanabe Fumihito Osumi (田辺史大隅).
He inherited their extensive knowledge of Chinese literature, Confucianism, Buddhism, and architecture.
He was the most learned man of his time and had the latest knowledge at the highest level of learning.
He distinguished himself when he was appointed as a “judge” in February of the 3rd year of Emperor Jito’s reign (689).
It can be assumed that the Daigoku-den Hall of the Heijo Palace was constructed based on such knowledge.
Therefore, it is natural to assume that the architectural intention was to build an authentic Chinese national facility in Japan.
It is natural to assume that the purpose of the construction was to build an authentic Chinese national facility in Japan.
What kind of expressions were used for the “four deities” in light of the historical background?
Especially, what kind of expression would have been used for the gods Seiryu (Blue Dragon) and Genbu (Xuanwu), whose imaginative power is indispensable to the nation itself?
I wonder what kind of image would have flashed in Fujiwara no Fuhito’s mind when he chose the architectural decoration, which could be called the nation itself.
If we imagine what kind of image came into Fujiwara no Fuhito’s mind when he chose the architectural decoration, which could be said to be the nation itself, this restoration seems somewhat strange.

However, this is still a “restoration,” and the mother’s expression clues have also been lost.
If we consider that the clues to Mother’s expression have been lost, we can understand that the fantastical and cute expressions of the present day
If we think of it as a “Heisei restoration,” we may understand that it will be handed down to future generations.
However, in the age of free speech, it is a good opportunity to think about various things.

Posted on 5月 7th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

大極殿建築というものは、重要な国家行為の場であり
最重要な儀式を荘重化させる建築装置。
東アジア世界ではその中心建築思想として中華思想が広がった。
写真上は復元された「平城宮・大極殿」の高御座。
下は中国清国皇帝の北京紫禁城にある太和殿「玉座」。
日本の奈良平城京の建設、統一国家「日本」創始にあたっての
中華国家思想の象徴としての天皇の即位儀礼での玉座。


こちらは復元された平城宮・大極殿と
清朝当時のままに保全された北京紫禁城・太和殿の外観写真。
＜紫禁城写真は国立歴史民俗博物館「日本建築は特異なのか」展図録より＞
いかにも「中華思想」での権力支配を示そうという建築意図なのでしょう。
飛鳥京の時代を経てこの列島社会では統一政権が目指され、
そのモデルとして中国・唐のシステムが導入された。
多様な地域に在地型の支配システム・勢力が存在していた社会に
大陸国家的な制度が導入されていった。
律令制度というのは法概念であり、一方で同時に受容した仏教は
「世界宗教」という普遍性を持っていたのだろう。
よりゆるやかな各地域権力の八百万連合体的な権力形式から
違う系統の思想・中華思想での権力再構築というようにも思われる。
このような国家のありようがその後、時代の推移の中で「日本化」していく。
次に日本が世界のシステムを受容するのは明治だろうけれど、
そこでは欧米の社会システムが基本骨格になって
立憲君主制が理想的政体として目指された。
この平城京当時は、世界の政体システムとして皇帝による中華独裁が
もっとも進んだ政治システムだと認識していたのだと思う。
その後の社会進展で中国では「易姓革命」による暴力革命が繰り返され
一方の日本では王権は君臨すれど統治せず、という結果に落ち着いていった。
この復元された平城京の建築群はそういった国の経緯を知らせてくれる。

日本の王権、天皇家には「姓」がない。
「易姓」を繰り返す中国皇帝とは対極的なありよう。
姓は王権が民に「賜る」ものとされ王権自体には姓はない、というのは、
中国の「易姓革命」の苛烈さを体験した官僚機構システム成員たちが
そのように制度設計してきたのだと推測されている。
中国の歴世王朝や百済などの支配機構官僚成員が
過酷な殺戮での大陸的政変を目の当たりにしてから日本に帰化し
より「平和的」な政体を目指したのだという説。
また、地域有力者たちの連合体という大和王朝政体のありようが
このような仕組みとして残ったという説もある。
天武−持統期あたりで日本国号と天皇号が定められて構築されていった
この中華システムにもすでに「日本的変化」が仕組まれていた。
こういう日本化というものの動機分析ってあまり重視されない。
まるで宮内庁の管轄で学術的にも調査できない古墳のようでもある。
とにかく日本は中国的「中華」国家を基本にしながらも
その後の政治変革の改変においてもより「日本的」であったということ。
建築は社会の目指す方向を反映すると同時に
その社会の様子を知る大きな手掛かりをも後世に提供してくれる。
平城宮復元から多くの気付きがあるのだと思います。
憲法記念日周辺時期に思っていたことがらであります。

English version⬇

The Introduction of Chinese Philosophy and “Japanization”: The Search for Heijo-kyo, Nara – 19
The Japaneseization of the emperor’s “no family name” that systematically avoided the harsh easy family name revolution and violent revolution. Was there ingenuity in the introduction of Chinese ideology? …

The Daigoku-den building is a place of important state action and an architectural device to solemnize the most important ceremonies.
It is an architectural device to solemnize the most important ceremonies.
In the East Asian world, Chinese thought spread as the central architectural idea.
The upper photo shows the restored Daigoku-den Hall of the Heijo Palace.
Below is the “Throne” of the Taihe Dian in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China by the Qing emperors.
The Emperor’s throne as a symbol of the idea of the Chinese nation in the construction of the Heijo-kyo Capital in Nara, Japan, and in the founding of the unified nation of Japan.
The throne at the accession ceremony of the emperor as a symbol of the Chinese nationalistic ideology.
This is a photo of the restored Daigoku-den Hall of the Heijo Palace and the exterior of the Taihe-den Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing.
and the exterior of Taihe Dian, Forbidden City, Beijing, preserved as it was in the Qing Dynasty.
＜(Photo of the Forbidden City from the National Museum of Japanese History’s “Is Japanese Architecture Unique?
The architectural intention of the Forbidden City was to demonstrate the power and dominance of the Chinese ideology.
After the Asuka-kyo period, the archipelago’s society aimed for a unified government, and the Tang Dynasty in China was used as a model.
The Chinese Tang Dynasty system was introduced as a model for this system.
In a society where local ruling systems and forces existed in various regions, the system of a continental state was introduced.
The Ritsuryo system is a legal concept.
The Ritsuryo system was a legal concept, while Buddhism, which was accepted at the same time, had the universality of a “world religion.
Buddhism, on the other hand, was accepted as a “world religion” with universal characteristics.
The power structure seems to have shifted from a more loose federated power structure of 8 million regional powers
The reconstruction of power in the form of a federation of 8,000,000 regional powers, which is a different lineage of thought from that of the Chinese.
This type of nation-state was subsequently “Japanized” in the course of time.
The next time that Japan will accept the world system will be in the Meiji period.
The next time Japan would accept the world’s system would be in the Meiji period, where the Western social system would become the basic framework.
The constitutional monarchy was aimed at as the ideal political system.
At the time of the Heijo-kyo Capital, the Chinese dictatorship by the emperor was recognized as the most advanced political system in the world.
The subsequent social development in China led to the development of the “easy surname” system.
Later, as society progressed, violent revolutions were repeated in China through the “Yi Surname Revolution.
In Japan, on the other hand, the king reigned but did not rule.
The restored Heijo-kyo Palace provides us with a glimpse into the history of the country.
The Japanese kings and emperors do not have “family names.
This is the opposite of the Chinese emperors, who repeatedly “changed their family name.
The surname is supposed to be “given” to the people by the royal power, and the royal power itself does not have a surname, which is a contrast to the Chinese emperors, who have repeatedly changed their surnames.
The fact that the surname system was designed by members of the bureaucratic system who experienced the harshness of China’s “Yi Surname Revolution
It is assumed that this system was designed by the members of the bureaucratic system who experienced the harshness of the “Yi Surname Revolution” in China.
The bureaucratic members of the ruling system of China’s successive dynasties and Baekje, etc.
After witnessing the continental political upheaval in China, they became naturalized Japanese citizens.
They were seeking to create a more “peaceful” political system.
The theory that the Yamato dynasty’s system of government, which was a federation of local
The Yamato dynasty’s system of government, which was a federation of local
Around the Temmu-Mochito period, the name of Japan and the name of the Emperor were established and constructed.
This Chinese system already had a “Japanese change” in place.
The analysis of the motive for this kind of Japanization is not given much importance.
It is as if the Imperial Household Agency had jurisdiction over the burial mounds, which cannot be studied even academically.
In any case, while Japan was based on a “Chinese” state, it was also a “Japanese” state in the sense that it was a “Chinese” state in the sense of China.
In any case, while Japan was based on the Chinese “Chinese” state, it was also more “Japanese” in its subsequent political transformation and modification.
Architecture reflects the direction of a society and at the same time
and at the same time, it provides future generations with a great clue as to the state of the society.
I believe that we can learn a lot from the restoration of Heijo Palace.
These are some of my thoughts around the time of Constitution Memorial Day.

Posted on 5月 5th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 日本社会・文化研究 | No Comments »

さて昨日は奈良県シリーズから賀茂神社つながりで遠く北海道知内町に。
で、賀茂神社系の話題展開はあまり大きな進展がなく
むしろ鎌倉期の甲州からの産金事業者軍団の北海道での活動ぶりに
スポットを当てた記録が友人読者の助けもあって掘り出されてきた。
わたし的には蝦夷ヶ島での産金活動を支えた鎌倉政権の意志形成と背景について
非常に大きな興味を抱かされた。追ってそのあたりを探究してみたい。

ということで奈良シリーズに復帰いたします。ほっ・・・。
飛鳥京からその近傍「藤原京」への遷都があってから短期間で、
古代における本格的計画都市として平城京建設が進行していった。
経済史的にはこの平城京建設の時代は歴史上まれに見る好景気だったといわれる。
乙巳の変、白村江敗戦、壬申の乱とうち続いた戦乱が収まり、
仏教導入・律令制による王権の全国一律支配体制が経済の活況も生み出した。
ものの集散において中央集権機構が機能することで
経済の活況が必然的に生み出されたということだろう。
「官道」整備も進められ全国的物流機構が整備されたことも大きかったと思う。
やや時代が下ると東大寺大仏「鍍金」の必要に対し金が奥州で発見された。
金を入手するのに唐との遣唐使船交易を計画せねばならないとされたが
その必要がなくなって、逆に世界最大級の産金国家として
マルコポーロ経由でヨーロッパ世界にまでジパングの国名がとどろいた。
この時代にすでに「経済国家」的な立ち位置を日本は占めていた。
そういう時代背景の中でまさに国家創設の建設事業がこの平城京建設。
札幌は条丁という都市区割りですが、平城京は「条坊制」。
しかしどちらも基本は碁盤の目状の合理的都市区画設計。

日本では奈良、京都、大阪、江戸、東京、札幌と
計画的都市建設の歴史伝統がうち続いていくけれど、
その嚆矢として奈良・平城京ははじめての本格的開発だったのだろうと思う。
王権がそのように意志を固め「公共事業」というものに本腰を入れた。
公共投資は経済の活況を生み出し、租税収入も上がっていったし
民の経済活動が大いに刺激されて、望外の結果として国運も上がり
奥州産金という奇跡まで呼び込んだという状況ではないか。

この平城京は歴史公園事業として復元計画が進められている。
まだ本格的な整備には時間が掛かるようですが、写真のように
大極殿の門とされる「大極門」の仮設足場も撤去寸前という状況での見学。
広大な王城空間の復元ぶりは建築人としては興味津々といったところです。
清水建設や竹中組といった大手ゼネコン施工で整備が進んでいる。
さすがに公共事業なので情報開示も民主的に行われています。
整備計画の進展を見ながら、できれば今後も見学機会を作って
民族と建築営為の象徴的断面として推移を見ていきたいと思う次第。

English version⬇

Heijo-kyo Capital, Nara, Japan: Searching for the Heijo-kyo Capital – 17
Ethnic history and economic traces. Japan’s first full-scale public works investment, the construction of the capital, and the economic boom that ensued. The dynamism of the huge architectural complex. Nara Heijo-kyo Capital

Yesterday, we went from the Nara Prefecture series to the distant town of Chonai, Hokkaido, in connection with Kamo Jinja.
The Kamo Jinja-related topics did not develop very much.
Rather, with the help of a reader friend of mine, I was able to dig up a record that spotlighted the activities of a group of gold-producing businessmen from Koshu in Hokkaido during the Kamakura period.
The records that spotlighted the activities of the Koshu gold-producing businessmen in Hokkaido during the Kamakura period have been unearthed with the help of a reader friend of mine.

So I will return to the Nara series. Ho-ho-ho…
Within a short period of time after the transfer of the capital from Asuka-kyo to the nearby Fujiwara-kyo, the construction of Heijo-kyo proceeded as a full-scale planned city in ancient times.
Heijo-kyo Capital was constructed as a full-scale planned city in ancient times.
From an economic historical perspective, the Heijo-kyo Capital construction period is said to have been one of the most prosperous in history.
After the warfare that had continued, including the Otomi Incident, the defeat at the Hakumura River, and the Jinshin Rebellion, the introduction of Buddhism and the Ritsuryo system brought about a period of economic growth that was unprecedented in history.
The introduction of Buddhism and the Ritsuryo system, a system of uniform rule by the royal authority throughout the country, also brought about a booming economy.
The centralization of power in the collection and dispersion of goods
The centralization of power in the collection and distribution of goods inevitably led to a boom in the economy.
The development of “government highways” and the establishment of a nationwide logistics system were also important.
A little later, gold was discovered in Oshu to meet the need for “plating” the Great Buddha of Todaiji Temple.
It was said that a plan to trade with the Tang Dynasty in order to obtain gold had to be made, but that plan was no longer necessary.
However, this was no longer necessary, and the Japanese were able to become one of the world’s largest gold-producing nations.
The name “Zipangu” was known to the European world via Marco Polo.
At this time, Japan already occupied the position of an “economic nation.
Against this backdrop, the Heijo-kyo Capital was built as a construction project to establish the nation.
Sapporo was divided into city blocks called “jyocho,” while Heijo-kyo Capital was built under the “joubo” system.
However, the basic concept of both Heijo-kyo Capital and Sapporo is a rational urban district design in the form of a goban (a grid pattern).

In Japan, the historical tradition of planned city construction continues in Nara, Kyoto, Osaka, Edo, Tokyo, and Sapporo.
Nara, Kyoto, Osaka, Edo, Tokyo, Sapporo, and so on.
I believe that the Heijo-kyo Capital in Nara was the first full-scale development of such a pioneering project.
The royal court had made up its mind to do so, and began to seriously engage in “public works”.
Public investment created a booming economy, tax revenues rose, and the people’s economic activity was greatly stimulated.
The economic activities of the people were greatly stimulated, and as an unexpected result, the nation’s fortunes rose.
The situation even brought about the miracle of the Oshu gold mine.

This Heijo-kyo Palace is being planned for restoration as a historical park project.
It seems that it will still take some time for full-scale maintenance, but as you can see in the photo
The temporary scaffolding of the Daigoku-mon Gate, which is considered to be the gate to Daigoku-den, was also on the verge of being removed, as you can see in the photo.
As an architect, I was very interested in the restoration of the vast royal castle space.
Major general contractors such as Shimizu Corporation and Takenaka Corporation are constructing the gate.
As one would expect from a public project, information disclosure is carried out democratically.
We will continue to watch the progress of the maintenance plan and, if possible, create opportunities to visit the site in the future.
I would like to see the transition of the building as a symbolic cross section of ethnic and architectural activities.

Posted on 5月 3rd, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 日本社会・文化研究 | No Comments »