北海道ではこういった生業に即した民家建築というのは
主に日本海側・西部海岸沿いの漁家建築が多数残っている。
どちらもその産業による建築への要請が色濃くあって、
いかにも「用の建築」という要素が強く感じられる。
現代の住宅というものが失いつつある、職業との一体性が強い。
古民家というものが現代人に強い郷愁をもって受け止められるのには、
こうした「生業感」というものが大きいのではないかと思っています。
用から来る建築の成り立ちとか、規範性のようなものが明白で
そこに「人間の営み」感が強く感じられ、
はるかに伝わってくる先人の息づかいへの共感力が大きい。
こういう感じ方は「民藝」に通じる部分だと思うのだけれど、
概念規定が必ずしも明確ではない民藝運動としては
古民家建築についてあいまいな状態のままになっていると思う。
創始者の柳宗悦の構想力以上に、大スポンサーとしての倉敷・大原家の方が
ただしく古民家の空間性を評価していると思う。
実際にそうした住宅建築を体感してきての実感であります。
日常使いの「民具」についても柳宗悦などが「これがそうだ」と
決めつけただけで、氏が亡くなった後はその概念範囲が不明になってしまった。
そう感じている多くの人々によってその後、民藝のより本然形として
「古民家」への強い支持が示され、いわば民藝は止揚されたのかも。
結局、人間活動の究極的な「用」としては古民家そのものが
より巨大な「文化」領域になってきているのではないか。
さらに個人的な意見として、北海道が生み出した住宅の革新は、
現代生活文化にとって超越的な「民藝運動」ではないかと思っています。
人々の暮らしの根底的な「用を満たす」という似た出自だが、
実質的な「革新性」では、はるかに超える文化性を創造している。
いまだに北海道の住宅進化を認識していない現在の民藝運動に残念感を抱く。


この旭川に遺された養蚕民家は開拓に必死に立ち向かった
1905年段階の移住者の魂魄をそのまま生々しく息づかいとして伝えている。
一般的和風建築が高い階高への志向性を感じさせない中で、
養蚕という具体的な空間目的に対して率直に高く大きな空間を
素朴に追求している様子が明白。
２階の壁の上部は屋根まで開放された大空間が広がり、
室内建具は吹き抜けに対して２階分が上下に積み上げられていて
一般的古民家に対して稀有な巨大空間性を見せてくれている。
まるで開拓期アメリカ西部でのバルーンフレームのような
大空間志向、寒冷な気候に対して内部気候の安定性を強く求めた
ひとびとの生きた痕跡を強烈に発信してくれている。
建築存在そのものが強い情報発信力を持っている。
吹き抜けが一般的になった現代住宅でも、間仕切り建具がタテに積層するのは
ほとんど見ることのない、きわめて独特の室内空間。
養蚕の目的にきわめて素直な全館吹き抜けという独特の和風建築。
その後の北海道住宅建築が本州以南地域の既存常識を打破していく
開拓初期の奔放な革新性を発揮していると思います。

English version⬇

Mingei” architecture that is faithful to its original purpose: A silkworm-raising house in Higashi Asahikawa.
The minka is the ultimate form in the realization of the essence of folk art, the “use” of human life. The housing innovations of modern Hokkaido are realizing transcendent “use”. ……

In Hokkaido, this type of minka architecture is mainly found along the western coastline of the Sea of Japan, where many fishermen’s houses are still standing.
In Hokkaido, there are many minka buildings that were built to meet the needs of the industry, mainly along the Sea of Japan and the western coast.
Both of these structures are strongly influenced by the needs of the industry, and
The architecture of the minka is strongly “architecture for use”.
They have a strong sense of unity with their occupations, something that modern houses are losing.
The reason why modern people feel a strong nostalgia for old private homes is that they have a strong sense of “livelihood.
I believe that this “sense of occupation” is a major factor in the strong nostalgic appeal of old private homes to modern people.
The architectural origins and norms that come from the use of the house are obvious, and the sense of “human activity” is strong in them.
and the sense of “human activity” is strongly felt.
and the empathy for the breath of our predecessors that is transmitted far and wide is great.
I think this kind of feeling is a part of “folk art,” but the concept is not always clear.
However, as a folk art movement that does not necessarily have a clear conceptual framework, it is difficult to define the concept of “mingei”.
I think that the concept of old private house architecture is still ambiguous.
The Kurashiki Ohara family as a major sponsor is more important than the conceptual power of Muneyoshi Yanagi, the founder of the Mingei movement.
I believe that the Kurashiki Ohara family, as the major sponsor, has a greater appreciation for the spatiality of the minka than Muneyoshi Yanagi, the founder of the minka movement.
This is my feeling after having actually experienced such residential architecture.
As for “folk tools” for daily use, Muneyoshi Yanagi and others
After his death, the scope of the concept became unclear.
After his death, the scope of the concept became unclear.
Mingei may have been sublimated, so to speak, by the strong support for “kominke” (old private houses) as a more natural form of mingei.
In the end, as the ultimate “use” of human activity, the minka itself
In the end, the old private house itself may have become an even larger “cultural” field as the ultimate “use” of human activity.
Furthermore, in my personal opinion, the housing innovations created in Hokkaido
transcendental “folk art movement” for the culture of modern life.
Although similar in origin to fulfill the fundamental “needs” of people’s lives, the “innovativeness” of Hokkaido’s housing is a transcendent “Mingei” movement for contemporary life culture.
In terms of substantive “innovation,” it is creating a cultural quality that goes far beyond.
I feel a sense of disappointment in the current Mingei movement that still does not recognize the evolution of housing in Hokkaido.

This sericultural house left behind in Asahikawa conveys the spirit of the settlers in 1905 who desperately faced the frontier.
The spirit of the immigrants in 1905 is vividly conveyed in this house.
While the general Japanese-style architecture does not seem to be oriented toward high stories, this house is a very large and frankly high house for the specific purpose of sericultural purposes.
It is obvious that the building is frankly pursuing a high and large space for the specific spatial purpose of sericulture.
The upper part of the second floor wall is open to the roof.
The upper part of the wall on the second floor opens up to the roof, creating a large space.
The fittings in the room are stacked up and down for the second floor against the stairwell.
The interior fittings are stacked two stories above and below the stairwell, creating a huge spatiality rarely seen in ordinary old houses.
It is like a balloon frame in the pioneer American West.
The large-space orientation and the cold climate of the region
The building itself has a strong power to transmit information.
The very existence of architecture itself has a strong ability to transmit information.
Even in modern housing, where vaulted ceilings have become commonplace, the vertical stacking of partition fittings is a very unique feature that is rarely seen in modern housing.
This is a very unique interior space that is rarely seen.
This is a unique Japanese-style building with a full-length stairwell, which is very much in keeping with the purpose of sericulture.
Hokkaido’s subsequent residential architecture broke away from the conventional wisdom of the region south of Honshu.
The building demonstrates the unrestrained innovation of the early pioneering period.

Posted on 9月 25th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅性能・設備, 古民家シリーズ | No Comments »

この東旭川の養蚕民家は、福島県伊達市近郊からの1905年の移住者の建築。
この北海道旭川で故郷での養蚕民家建築を移植したもの。
当然、故郷での同様建築への興味が湧くところですが、
これも匿名氏からの情報を頂きました。福島県に民家園があって、
そこにほぼ同様の建築機能をもった養蚕民家があるのだというのです。
インターネットで調べたところ画像があり、見やすく修正を試みた写真です。
正面側と切妻側の様子を比較対照した画像対比。
1-2番目が福島でそれ以外が旭川です。
福島県では正面側では手前南面側に外部縁側が１−２階とも確認されますが、
旭川ではこれがガラス入りの外部建具で仕切られている。
福島県の方でも写真に雪がちょっと写ったりしているけれど、
もちろん北海道北部の旭川盆地ではハンパない寒冷と積雪条件。
地域に似合うようにスタイルが進化していっていると受け止められる。


一方、切妻側では上の写真の福島では下屋が付設されていますが、
下の旭川では構造が積雪に耐えられずに破却されたというように伝えられている。
外見的にはたいへんそっくりであり、どうも北海道での建築者の松浦さんと
この福島の「小野家」さんとは地縁的繋がりがあるように想像できる。
余談ですが福島の小野ということで小野小町伝承とも関連があるのかも（笑）。

昨日データ復元依頼先から連絡があり、復元不可能とのこと。
深く落ち込んでおります。
しかし諦めることなく、SSDディスク購入の大型店舗に連絡して
その会社のカード利用履歴などから間違いなく「購入履歴」が認証されたので
その大型店からメーカーに対応依頼をしてもらいました。
直接何度も電話していたのですが、数十回電話しても常に「話し中」で
一向にラチが開かないということからの窮余の一策。
これがようやく風穴を開けて、意思疎通が可能になっています。
準備を整えて本日、本体と説明文書などを添えて送付予定。
サードパーティのデータ復元事業者では不可能とされましたが、
製造責任メーカー側の対応がどうか、一縷の期待をもって祈念している次第。
しかし、購入して３ヶ月程度しか経過していなくて出張移動といっても
落下などの衝撃も加わっていない状況で認識されなくなるというのは
ユーザーの常識から考えてちょっと納得いかない。
一般的にデジタルデータにはバックアップ必要という注意は理解できるけれど
ユーザー側として、すべてのデータについて常時バックアップなどありえない。
実際に失われてみるとこれはいかに不安定な社会インフラであることか、
ユーザーの自己責任論があまりにも過剰ではと不信になる。
ということですが、ブログ連載については匿名氏からの情報バックアップが
大いに力づけになってくれてもおりますので、
人情に感謝も込めて頑張っていきたいと思っています。
捨てる神あれば拾う神あり、か（笑）。

English version⬇

Style Change from Fukushima to Asahikawa: Sericultural Houses in East Asahikawa – 6
The houses that remain in Fukushima, my hometown, are compared and contrasted with Asahikawa’s sericultural houses. The change in style is visible and stimulates the imagination. The visitor can feel the God who discards and the God who picks up. The house in the village of Fukushima

This Higashi Asahikawa sericultural minka was built in 1905 by an immigrant from the suburbs of Date City, Fukushima Prefecture.
This Asahikawa, Hokkaido, is a transplant of the sericultural minka architecture of his hometown.
Naturally, I would be interested in similar architecture in my hometown.
This information was also provided by an anonymous source. There is a minka garden in Fukushima prefecture.
I found a picture of a silkworm-raising house with a similar architectural function there.
I found a picture of it on the Internet and modified it to make it easier to see.
The first and fourth images are the front side and the gable side.
The first two are Fukushima and the rest are Asahikawa.
In Fukushima, the front side has an exterior porch on both the first and second floors on the south side of the front elevation.
In Asahikawa, this is separated by external fittings with glass.
In Fukushima Prefecture, there is a bit of snow in the photo.
Of course, the Asahikawa Basin in the northern part of Hokkaido is subjected to extremely cold and snowy conditions.
It is accepted that the style is evolving to suit the region.

On the other hand, on the gable side, a shed was attached in Fukushima, pictured above, but
On the other hand, on the gable side, the Fukushima building in the photo above has an attached shed, while the Asahikawa building in the photo below was torn down because its structure could not withstand the snow accumulation.
The two houses are very similar in appearance, and it is likely that Mr. Matsuura, the builder in Hokkaido, and the “Ono Family” in Fukushima are the same person.
It seems that there is a geographical connection between Mr. Matsuura, an architect in Hokkaido, and the “Ono Family” in Fukushima.
As a side note, Ono in Fukushima may be related to Ono Komachi folklore as well (laugh).

Yesterday, I received a call from the company that requested data recovery and was told that the data could not be recovered.
I am deeply depressed.
However, I did not give up and contacted the large store where I purchased the SSD disk.
The company’s credit card usage history and other information definitely verified the “purchase history”, so I contacted the large store where I purchased the SSD disk.
I asked that large store to send a request to the manufacturer for a response.
I called them directly several times, but they were always “busy” even after dozens of calls.
This was a desperate measure because we were never able to reach the manufacturer.
This has finally opened a windfall and communication is now possible.
The unit is ready and will be sent today with the unit and explanatory documents, etc.
We were told this was not possible with a third-party data recovery provider.
I am praying with a ray of hope that the manufacturer responsible for manufacturing the product will be able to do something about it.
However, it has been only about 3 months since I purchased it, and even though it is a business trip, it has not been moved yet.
However, it is a little unacceptable from the common sense of users that the device is not recognized after only three months of purchase and without any impact such as being dropped or moved on a business trip.
It is a little unconvincing from a user’s point of view.
I understand the general caution that digital data needs to be backed up, but I am not convinced that this is the case.
However, it is impossible for a user to always back up all data.
When you actually lose your data, you realize how insecure the social infrastructure is, and you realize that you are not responsible for the loss.
I distrust that the user’s self-responsibility theory is too much.
I am very grateful to Mr. Anonymous for his information backup for the blog series.
I am grateful for the support of anonymous users and will continue to do my best.
I would like to do my best with gratitude for the humanity.
Where there is a God, there is a God, right?

Posted on 9月 23rd, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅取材＆ウラ話, 古民家シリーズ | No Comments »

きのうは日本縦断から東北横断と進んだ台風、ついに太平洋上に抜けた。
そうすると気象庁も「温帯低気圧に変わりました」という発表。
北海道人としては、毎度のことながらこの予定調和的なアナウンスに
独特の感慨を持っております。
なんというか「遅れてきた日本人」的な一種の疎外感を味わわされる。
こんな書き方をすると申し訳ないのですが「肩透かし」気分。
台風情報の宴の終わりには「あ、北海道は今回も除外です」みたいな
複雑微妙な心理を持たされるのであります。
そして温帯低気圧に変わった途端に札幌では最高気温16度とかの一気の秋冷。
ほとんど肌寒い気候に包まれております。
関東圏以南地域とは「湿度」環境もまったく違う
低湿度のカラッとした気候が北海道の夏、いや全季節の特徴。
最近の蒸暑地域での「全館除湿」みたいな室内気候制御論には
どうもこれも疎外感を味わわされる。なんですが、ともあれ、
この台風で被害にあわれたみなさんへ、１日も早い復旧を祈念いたします。

さて、ようやくにして本日、データレスキュー屋さんに
住宅画像集中管理の外付けSSDドライブの入院チェックに持ち込めます。
どういうことになるのか、不安と信頼感の両方の複雑心理。
なんとか無事を願う一方で、もしダメな場合にはさらに別の手段も検討中。
３年前までのバックアップデータは確認しているので
最悪の場合にもそれ以前のデータは保存されている。
ちょうど感染症での社会停止状況のなかでのデータが問題なワケ。
・・・つくづく、自分自身という存在を顧みる機会かと
今回のデータ紛失事件で思い知らされています。
というのは、わたしは多くの人生時間を映像・写真とともに過ごしてきた。
たくさんの住宅「現場体験」を積み重ねてきてそれをピンナップしてきた。
Replanという住宅雑誌の取材として、また個人的な古民家などのデータとして。
そしてそれより以前に、自分自身は元祖ビジュアル世代なのではと思う。
わたしの年代はテレビ放送の最初期に遭遇した世代であり、
小学校低学年時代から学校での授業での情報以上に
大量の画像・動画情報に湯水のようにさらされて育った第１世代だということ。
はじめての衛星放送でケネディ暗殺シーンが脳裏に飛び込んできた。
毎日のようにわかりやすい視覚情報から大量の情報を得てきた。
実際に身の回りで触れる視認世界とは比較にならない洪水的視覚情報は
自分自身にとって決定的だったと思えるのです。
そういう体験がベースを形成して仕事領域として住宅、それも視覚の世界に
それがもっとも自然だという感じで入っていったのだと思うのです。
空間情報についてそれを文字ベースで考えるということを
微塵も思わなかった。当然、写真情報がアプリオリな選択だった。
今回の紛失体験から、このことを深く自覚させられている次第です。

English version⬇

The first generation of humans to embrace visual expression.
Humans came into contact with visual information from television almost simultaneously with written information. This is the generation that also gazed at information on the Kennedy assassination through visual images. They were the first generation to receive visual information.

Yesterday, the typhoon, which had moved across Japan and then across the Tohoku region, finally passed over the Pacific Ocean.
Then the Japan Meteorological Agency announced that it had turned into an extratropical cyclone.
As a person living in Hokkaido, I have a peculiar feeling about this scheduled announcement every time.
I have a peculiar feeling about this announcement.
I feel a kind of alienation like a “Japanese who came late”.
I am sorry to write it this way, but I feel like I am “looking over my shoulder.
At the end of the typhoon information banquet, I feel like “Oh, Hokkaido is excluded this time, too.
I have a complex and subtle psychological feeling.
And as soon as the extratropical cyclone changed to an extratropical depression, Sapporo experienced a sudden autumn chill with a maximum temperature of 16 degrees Celsius or so.
It is almost chilly here in Sapporo.
The “humidity” environment is completely different from that of the Kanto area and southward.
Low humidity and a dry climate are the characteristics of Hokkaido’s summer, and indeed of all seasons.
I feel alienated from the recent indoor climate control theory of “whole-house dehumidification” in hot and humid areas.
I feel alienated from this too. Anyway, I would like to express my sincere condolences to all of you who were affected by this typhoon.
To those who suffered damage from this typhoon, we wish for your earliest possible recovery.

Today, we finally got a data rescue service.
We are finally able to bring the external SSD drive for centralized housing image management in for an inpatient check.
What will happen is a complex psychology of both anxiety and trust.
While I hope it will somehow be safe, if not, I am considering further alternative measures.
We have confirmed backup data up to 3 years ago.
In the worst case scenario, the data before that time will still be saved.
The problem is that the data is just in the midst of a social shutdown due to an infectious disease.
I think this is an opportunity for us to reflect on our own existence.
The loss of the data reminds me that I have to reflect on who I am.
I have spent much of my life with images and photographs.
I have accumulated a lot of “on-site experiences” of houses and have been pinning them up.
I have also been involved in the research of a housing magazine called “Replan”, and I have also been involved in the data of my personal old private houses and so on.
Before that, I think that I myself am a member of the original visual generation.
I am of the generation that encountered the first TV broadcasts.
From my early elementary school days, I was exposed to more than just information in school classes.
I am the first generation to be exposed to a large amount of visual and moving image information, more than what we were exposed to in the classroom.
The Kennedy assassination scene jumped into my mind on my first satellite broadcast.
We received a great deal of information from easy-to-understand visual information on a daily basis.
The flood of visual information, which is incomparable to the visual world we actually experience around us, has been decisive for me.
I think it was decisive for me.
Such experiences formed the basis for my work in housing and the visual world.
I think it was this experience that formed the basis for my entry into the visual world as a field of work, as if it were the most natural.
I never thought of spatial information as text-based.
I never thought of spatial information as text-based. Naturally, photographic information was the a priori choice.
This experience of loss has made me deeply aware of this fact.

Posted on 9月 21st, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: Mac.PC＆DTP, 住宅マーケティング | No Comments »

以前はけっこうゴルフとか楽しんでおりましたが、
感染症の蔓延以来、どうも抑制的な生活が常態化してくると
あまり積極的には行く気にもなれなくなっております。
そもそもそれ以前から、仕事関係での付き合いの機会が多く、
たとえば経済団体関係とか、業界団体関係でもきわめて抑制バイアスが働き
銀行のコンペなども３年近くまともに開催されない。
友人関係では仕事リタイヤ組が多くて、誘われる日程はほぼ平日限定。
というようなことで、ゴルフへの積極的興味が薄らいできてしまった。
ゴルフとかだと、上に書いたような他者との関係性が大きくて
自分の健康維持という本来の目的とは異なる流れになる。
代わって他者にご迷惑をかけずにできる散歩が健康維持法に。
これまでは１日１万歩をメドにしていましたが年とってくると
「それは歩きすぎだよ」とのカミさんのアドバイス。
ということでやや抑制的な歩数距離に抑え気味にしております。

北海道人なので冬場にはどうしても散歩の距離が短くなる。
まぁそれなりに歩いてはいるのですが、どうしても吹雪の時とか、
距離が短くなるのはやむを得ないのですね。
そうすると夏場、ちょっと長めに距離を稼ぎたくなる。
昨日は敬老の日前日、ということで（笑）
ついついあちこちとクルマを極力使わず、歩き主力で移動行動。
おおむねカミさんの命令に素直に従っていますが、
ややこの数日は絶好調で楽しんでおります。
おかげさまで体調はすこぶる元気で、まだまだ歩数を伸ばせるのですが、
ゴルフのように精神的ダメージがない分（笑）、快適そのもの。
平日はどうしても減衰せざるを得ないので、
この貴重な休日、たっぷりと足の向くまま、気の向くまま
あちこちと足を伸ばしたいと思っております。

・・・写真データ外付けSSD問題、データレスキュー専門事業者の方と
打合せが進んで、来週半ばには結論が得られそうであります。
過去にも、別のスタッフのトラブルで対応もしていただいたので
なんとかと期待しております。
今回の経験を機会に、従来やや否定的だったクラウド利用について
本格的に検討すべきかなと思っております。
HDDだけに限らず、SSDでも危険性は避けられないと痛感。
はやくまともな住宅取材系の写真と話題に復帰したいところですが、
じっとガマンの子であります。じ〜〜〜〜。

English version⬇

Farewell to my health, mainly golf and walking.
Since the spread of infectious diseases, is there a growing tendency toward rejection of the relationship-dependent type of relationship with others? Is the ease of not having to bother anyone becoming a top priority? …

I used to enjoy golf and other activities.
But since the spread of infectious diseases, I have been living a restrained life.
I am no longer willing to go golfing.
I have had many opportunities to socialize with people in the business world before that.
For example, I have been involved in business associations and industry associations, but my inhibitions have been extremely strong and I have not been able to go to any of the bank competitions for almost three years.
For example, I have not been able to participate in bank competitions for almost three years.
Many of my friends are retired from work, and the dates they invite me to their events are almost exclusively weekdays.
This is why I have become less and less interested in golf.
With golf and other activities, the relationship with other people, as I mentioned above, is so large that the original purpose of maintaining one’s own health is different.
I have to take the place of others to maintain my health.
Instead, I have turned to walking, which I can do without bothering others, as a way to maintain my health.
I used to set a goal of 10,000 steps a day, but as I got older, people would say to me, “That’s too much walking.
My wife’s advice was, “That’s too much walking.
So I have been trying to keep the number of steps I take to a more moderate level.

As a Hokkaido native, I tend to shorten the distance of my walks in winter.
Well, I do walk a fair amount, but when there is a snowstorm or something like that, it is inevitable that the distance becomes shorter.
I walk a certain amount, but when there is a snowstorm, it is inevitable that the distance is shortened.
Then, in the summer, I want to make the distance a little longer.
Yesterday was the day before Respect-for-Senior-Citizens Day.
I was walking around, not using the car as much as possible.
I’ve been following my wife’s orders pretty much to the letter, but I’ve been feeling a bit sluggish the past few days.
I’ve been enjoying the past few days in great shape.
Thanks to her, I am in excellent physical condition, and I am still able to increase the number of steps I take.
I can still increase the number of steps I take, but it is comfortable because I don’t have the mental damage of golf (laugh).
I have to reduce the number of steps I take on weekdays, so I am taking advantage of this precious day off to get plenty of exercise.
I want to take this precious day off to stretch my legs as much as I want and as much as I feel like it.
I would like to stretch my legs here and there.

…The problem of the external SSD for the photo data, I have a meeting with a data rescue specialist.
We are meeting with a professional data rescue company to discuss the issue of external SSDs for photo data, and we expect to reach a decision by the middle of next week.
They have helped us in the past with another staff member’s problem.
We are hoping that we will be able to manage the situation.
I think we should take this experience as an opportunity to seriously consider the use of cloud computing, which we have been somewhat negative about in the past.
I think we should seriously consider using cloud computing, which we have been somewhat negative about in the past.
I am keenly aware that the danger is inevitable not only with HDDs but also with SSDs.
I’d like to get back to decent housing coverage photos and topics as soon as possible, but I’m a patient child.
I am a child of patience. Please visit 〜〜〜〜.

Posted on 9月 19th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: こちら発行人です | No Comments »

道北旭川の養蚕民家探訪篇、その４です。
そもそも蚕を育てるということは、室内環境にデリケートであること。
以下に蚕の生態と繭に至るプロセス。
●蚕を育てる
卵からふ化した蚕に１ヶ月ほどエサの桑の葉を与える。この間に蚕は
４回の脱皮を繰り返して次第に大きくなる。最後の脱皮後はエサを食べなくなり
カラダが透き通ってきます（熟蚕）。熟蚕になると蚕籠（さんろう）に移す。
●生糸を吐かせる
熟蚕は生糸を吐いて体を覆う繭を作る。熟蚕に糸を吐かせるために安置する床を
「蚕籠」という。蚕籠に入ると蚕はほどなく繭を作り始める。
数日で繭は固くなりおよそ１週間で繭の取り入れをする。
蚕の飼育にはデリケートな「環境要件」が必要になる。
特に採光・通風・保温という「住宅性能」に深い注意を払う必要がある。
寒冷地での養蚕建築の適合ポイントとしてこの建物では
１　部屋の仕切りをすべて引き戸として風通しを考えた大空間志向。
２　土間大空間に大型の中央炉、その他３箇所の炉を切って
暖房用火力を強化し吹き抜け大空間とする。高所に排気用の煙り出しを確保。
３　蚕棚を組み上げるため、２階を吹き抜けとする大空間確保
４　半切妻で開口部を作ったり、階高を高くして採光を十分に取り入れる工夫。
５　屋根は重厚な茅の厚みでの「断熱」を計っている。
などの「知恵と工夫」の痕跡が垣間見える。

この養蚕民家の建設年は1909年・明治42年。
時限的中央省庁として12年で閉庁した開拓使から北海道庁に
地域開発の主管は変わっているけれど、
日本の北方防衛の国家的重要地域・北海道の地方政府のDNAとしては
住宅保温性能の向上には非常に高い関心を持ち続けてきていた。
この地に多くの日本人が永住し続けること、その環境、とくに
住環境を発展させることは、国家防衛の最重点関心事でもあった。
私見ですがこの国家的主要テーマ設定について、日本は
「民政」中心の施策で推進してきたと思えています。
国防防衛がそのまま民の殖民であったこと、それが寒冷地であり
国家としても十分な知見をあらかじめは持っていなかったことについて
いかにも「民中心」の施策を取ってきた事実が確認できる。
開拓民の暮らしようを十分に理解し、その生活が向上するように
さまざまな意味で基底のしっかりした対応施策を行ってきた。
やはり日本の権力の系譜の中で尊皇という至上テーマが明確にあり
いわば権力の背骨として、民を「おおみたから」とする民主主義が存在する。
聖徳太子の基本政策「和を以て貴しと為す」思想が根底にある、という意味で
古代以来、ながく「民主主義」の実質が存在すると思えるのですね。
明治期以降の北海道にはその施策態度が根底に息づいていると思う。
最初期の開拓使責任者である黒田清隆に至っては住宅視察先で自ら大工として
屋根の柾葺き工事に飛び入り参加するほどに住宅政策にのめり込んでいる。
維新を主導した明治の軍人・政治家としての気概が伝わってくる。
開拓使時代には洋造住宅としてアメリカの２×４工法の原型である
バルーンフレーム工法を公共建築に採用したりしていたけれど、
産業政策の養蚕建築について北海道建設指導課はどの程度興味を持ったか
今度、調べてみたいとも思っています。

連載としてこの旭川・養蚕民家を深掘りテーマとしてきていますが、実は
パソコン環境でトラブルが発生してその対応に１週間程度時間が掛かりそうです。
写真データに関することもあるので、この４回目でいったん休止して、
連載は後日再開させる予定。なるべく早く復帰したいと思います。
悪しからず了解ください。

English version⬇

Wisdom and Ingenuity for Cold Region Environment, Heating Reinforcement: Sericultural Houses in Higashi-Asahikawa-4
Housing policies for cold regions since the Meiji Era are Japanese “democracy” that supports the people’s lifestyle. The people are “Ohimitakara” people. ・・・・.

This is the fourth part of the silkworm-raising private house in Asahikawa, Hokkaido.
To begin with, raising silkworms is delicate to the indoor environment.
The following is a description of the ecology of silkworms and the process of making cocoons.
Raising silkworms
Silkworms hatching from eggs are fed with mulberry leaves for about one month. During this period, the silkworms
molt four times during this period and gradually grow larger. After the last molt, the silkworm stops feeding and its body becomes transparent.
After the last molt, the silkworm stops eating food and its body becomes translucent (mature silkworm). When the silkworms reach maturity, they are transferred to a cage.
The silkworms are made to shed their raw silk.
Mature silkworms emit raw silk to make cocoons that cover their bodies. The floor on which the ripe silkworms are placed in order to make them shed their raw silk is called a “silkworm cage.
The floor on which the ripe silkworms are placed to make them shed their silk is called the “silkworm cage”. After entering the cage, the silkworms soon begin to make cocoons.
The cocoons harden within a few days, and the cocooning process takes about a week.
Breeding silkworms requires delicate “environmental requirements.
In particular, it is necessary to pay close attention to “housing performance” in terms of lighting, ventilation, and heat retention.
In this building, the following points were taken into consideration as points of conformity for sericultural architecture in cold climates.
1. All room partitions are oriented toward large spaces with sliding doors for ventilation.
2. A large central furnace and three other furnaces are installed in the large earthen floor space.
The large central furnace is installed in a large earthen floor space, and three other furnaces are installed in other places to enhance the heating power. A vent for exhaust air is located at a high place.
3 To assemble the silkworm racks, a large atrium space is secured on the second floor.
4 Devices to create openings with half gables and to raise the height of the floor to take in sufficient lighting.
5 The roof is designed to “insulate” with a heavy thickness of thatch.
The roof is designed to “insulate” the house with a heavy thickness of thatched roofing.

This sericultural private house was built in 1909, the 42nd year of Meiji era.
The Hokkaido Development Office, which closed after 12 years as a temporary central government agency, was replaced by the Hokkaido Government.
Although the main responsibility for regional development has changed, the Hokkaido Government still has the responsibility for the development of the region.
Although the main jurisdiction of regional development has changed, the DNA of the local government of Hokkaido, a region of national importance for Japan’s northern defense, is still very much in place.
The local government of Hokkaido, a nationally important region for Japan’s northern defense, has maintained a strong interest in the improvement of housing thermal insulation performance.
The continued permanent residence of many Japanese people in this region and the development of its environment, especially the
The development of the housing environment has also been a top priority concern for national defense.
In my opinion, Japan’s “civil administration” was the key to this major national theme.
In my opinion, Japan has been promoting this major national theme through “civil administration”-centered measures.
The defense and defense of the nation was the colonization of the people as it was, and it was in a cold region.
and that the nation did not have sufficient knowledge of the situation beforehand.
It is possible to confirm the fact that the government has been taking “people-centered” measures.
The government fully understood the way of life of the pioneers, and took various measures to improve the lives of the pioneers.
The government has taken measures with a solid foundation in various ways to improve the lives of the pioneer people.
After all, the supreme theme of the emperor is clearly present in the lineage of Japanese power, and the emperor is the backbone of power.
In other words, as the backbone of power, there exists a democracy in which the people are regarded as “oomitokara” (the people).
In the sense that the basic policy of Prince Shotoku, “Harmony is the most important thing,” is at the root of this policy, democracy has existed since ancient times.
It seems to me that the substance of “democracy” has existed for a long time since ancient times.
I believe that this policy attitude is still alive in Hokkaido since the Meiji period.
Kiyotaka Kuroda, the first head of the Hokkaido Development Office, was a carpenter himself when he visited Hokkaido to inspect houses.
He was so involved in the housing policy that he even jumped in to participate in the masa-itching of roofs as a carpenter on a housing inspection tour.
This shows the spirit of the Meiji soldiers and politicians who led the Meiji Restoration.
During his pioneer days, he used the balloon frame construction method, a prototype of the American 2 x 4 construction method, for public buildings as Western-style housing.
The balloon frame construction method, a prototype of the American 2 x 4 construction method, was adopted for public buildings during the pioneer days.
How interested was the Hokkaido Construction Guidance Division in the sericultural architecture of industrial policy?
I would like to find out how interested the Hokkaido Construction Guidance Division was in sericultural construction.

I have been focusing on the Asahikawa silkworm farm houses as a series of articles, but I have actually been having trouble with my computer environment and have been trying to deal with it.
However, there is a problem with my computer environment, and it will take about a week to solve it.
I have to deal with some issues related to the photo data, so I will pause the series after this fourth installment and resume it at a later date.
I will resume the series at a later date. We hope to be back as soon as possible.
We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause.

Posted on 9月 17th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 住宅性能・設備, 古民家シリーズ | No Comments »