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【照葉樹の森の「食物多様性」 日本列島37,000年史-15】



日本列島は周囲を海に囲まれるウォーターフロントと高峻な山岳地形。
国土面積は小さいけれど、人類の居住環境として考えれば
前面の海または河川の水辺と、後背の照葉樹林という環境は
非常に恵まれていたのではないかと思える。
他の地域、東アジアの大陸地域・中国などではいち早く農耕が始まるけれど
見方を変えれば日本列島ではそうなる強い必然性がなかったとも思える。
大型動物種が狩猟によって徐々に減少していったのに対応して
より小動物種を獲得する弓矢が発達していくけれど、
基本的な動物タンパク源は水辺での魚類がメインになっていったのでしょう。
そして気候の温暖化にともなってウォーターフロントに沿って
大きく広がった照葉樹林帯からの多様な植物性栄養源の摂取習慣が強まった。
まさに「海の幸、山の幸」という環境。
日本列島の民話に特徴的な２元論の素地が広範に広がったのだろう。
こういう生活実相が広く、そして永く列島社会では続いたのだと思う。

図は「南九州の集落と植物利用」というパネル。以下文章説明。
〜14,000年前、温暖な南九州ではいち早く竪穴住居や煙道付き炉穴などを伴う
定住的な集落が作られた。宮崎県王子山遺跡では炭化したドングリや球根類の発見。
石皿・磨石や土器を使ってアクのあるドングリを食べる方法をすでに身に付けていた。
野生のマメ類も重要な食料のひとつだった。〜

〜石皿・磨石の利用。縄文のはじめ頃の遺跡で植物の
「粉砕・加工具〜石皿・磨石」が見つかるのは列島の中でも南九州だけ。
急激に実現した温暖化に伴う落葉照葉樹の豊かな森のめぐみを
いち早く「開発」したのは南九州の人々だった。〜
植物栄養源を経口摂取可能なように「工夫」していくという思惟作業が
列島人に特徴的なこころ、大きな精神領域を形成していったと想像できる。
丹念に採取経験を積み重ねて原料を確保し、それに多段階の加工工程を加える。
食物獲得にあたってこのような繊細な作業を繰り返す心的運動性。
日本人の精神性のどこかにDNA的に仕舞い込まれていると思える。
ものづくりの基盤的思考性に関わっているように思えるのです。

人類と摂取栄養源との関係での精神文化性。
地球上の他の地域とは大きく相違するかなり特殊な環境が列島にはあった。
イラスト表現されたような母と娘の相伝で伝わってきた食物創造の営為に、
なにか深く癒される精神性を感じさせられるものがある。
旧石器時代の「ばっかり食」習慣から進化発展した多様な食習慣。
照葉樹の森がわたしたちの精神性を育んだ最大の根源なのではないか。
こういう部分に強いルーツ感がただよってくる。・・・

English version⬇

Food Diversity in Evergreen Forests: The 37,000-Year History of the Japanese Archipelago – 15
The food materials of the broadly spread broadleaf forests. The food materials of the ever-expanding evergreen forests were discovered and transformed into food through a series of complex and exquisite processing efforts. The basis of thinking for manufacturing ingenuity. Food Diversity

The Japanese archipelago has a waterfront surrounded by the sea and steep mountainous terrain.
Although the land area is small, when considered as an environment for human habitation
The Japanese archipelago is small in terms of land area, but as a habitat for human beings, it is thought to have been extremely blessed with a waterfront environment of oceans and rivers in the foreground
and the terrestrial forests in the rear must have been very blessed.
In other regions, such as continental East Asia and China, agriculture began early.
In other regions, such as continental East Asia and China, agriculture began early, but there was no strong necessity for this to happen in the Japanese archipelago.
In response to the gradual decline of large animal species through hunting
The basic source of animal protein was water.
The basic source of animal protein was probably fish from the waters.
And as the climate warmed, the area along the waterfront
The warming of the climate has led to an increase in the intake of a variety of plant sources of nutrition from the broad expanse of broadleaf forests along the waterfront.
This is truly a “food from the sea, food from the mountains” environment.
The dualism characteristic of Japanese folklore must have spread over a wide area.
I believe that this type of lifestyle continued to prevail in the archipelago for a long time.

The figure is a panel titled “Settlements and Plant Use in Southern Kyushu”. The following is a textual explanation.
〜In the warm climate of southern Kyushu, settled settlements with pit dwellings and furnace pits with flue were established as early as 14,000 years ago.
Settlements with pit dwellings and furnace pits with flue were established in the warmer southern Kyushu region ~14,000 years ago. Carbonized acorns and bulbs were discovered at the Ojiyama site in Miyazaki Prefecture.
The people had already learned how to eat acorns with their acrid taste using stone plates, polished stones, and earthenware.
Wild legumes were also an important food source. ~.

~Use of stone plates and polished stones. Only in Southern Kyushu in the archipelago can one find “crushing and processing tools – stone plates and polished stones
Only in Southern Kyushu in the archipelago can one find “crushing and processing tools – stone plates and polished stones.
It was the people of Minami-Kyushu who were the first to “develop” the rich forests of deciduous evergreen trees that accompanied the rapid warming of the earth.
It was the people of Minami-Kyushu who were the first to “develop” the richness of deciduous evergreen forests that accompanied the rapid global warming. ~.
The thought process of “devising” plant nutrient sources that can be taken orally
The thought process of “devising” plant nutrition sources that could be ingested orally formed the unique mind of the archipelago’s people, and a large spiritual realm.
The process of obtaining raw materials through careful collection and experience, and then adding multiple processing steps to the raw materials.
This is the mental motility that repeats such delicate work in acquiring food.
It seems to be embedded somewhere in the DNA of the Japanese mentality.
It seems to be involved in the fundamental thinking of monozukuri.

The psychocultural nature in relation to the human race and the nutritional source of intake.
The archipelago had a rather unique environment that differed greatly from the rest of the earth.
The practice of food creation, which has been handed down from mother to daughter, as illustrated in the illustration, has a deeply healing spirituality.
There is something deeply healing about the spirituality of the food creation activities handed down from mother to daughter, as illustrated in the following illustration.
The diverse food customs that evolved from the “binge-eating” habits of the Paleolithic period.
I believe that the terrestrial forests are the greatest root from which our spirituality has been nurtured.
This is where I feel a strong sense of rootedness. The roots of our roots are strong in this part of the world.

Posted on 11月 15th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

【縄文期「弓矢発明」と戦争の予感 日本列島37,000年史-14】




旧石器から縄文へと変遷してくると定住もあって
より安全な社会が到来したとつい考えたくなる。
実際にマルクス共産主義思想にわたしが惹かれた経験があるのも、
いわゆる「原始共産社会」というイメージ刷り込みが行われ
そこでは階級格差のない平和な社会が実現していたというプロパガンダが
盛んに流布されていたからだと思うのです。
青年期を迎えた正義心には魅力的な社会と思った部分がある。
しかし歴史を冷徹に見ていけば、狩猟の手段も縄文期に進化して
とくに「弓矢」という、後の世の戦争・殺し合いの主要ツールが
この縄文の世で育まれたことがわかってくる。
日本列島では縄文という漁撈と採集を生業とした社会が実現するけれど
世界史一般としては旧石器から農耕社会に移行していく。
縄文と同様にこの弓矢の発明、殺戮武器の進化があってレッドラインを超えていく。
農耕社会では「略奪可能な食料」としての農産物集積があり、
それを社会同士で奪い合う戦争が常態化していくことになる。
日本列島では農耕はやや遅れて弥生の世まで待つことになり
比較的に戦争の時代は遅れたのではないかと推定できるけれど、
さりとてマルクス主義の理想郷社会とは実態は乖離していたと想像できる。

図のように弓矢の発明は旧石器由来の狩猟のツール進化であることは疑いない。
大型陸上動物のハンティングによって種の減少があり
それをカバーするためにより小動物を遠距離から狙う必要性が高まった。
縄文の世を実現した落葉広葉樹の森は同時に多様な小型生物種も増加させた。
旧石器時代の追いこみ猟・落とし穴猟に加えてこういう「飛び道具」の出現。
弥生以降の血生臭い戦争は縄文の世が育んでいったことになる。
動物を殺戮可能なツールは人間に対しても当然有効。
けっしてユートピア社会だったのではなく次代の戦争の時代を着々と準備した。
縄文の世は定住が実現することで同時に地域社会が作られたと思える。
そういう地域間同士というのは必然的に近攻遠交という考え方を生む。
狩猟の「縄張り」が隣接する同士はどうしても反目する。
弥生の世になると農耕地自体が「財」として認識されて
「一所懸命」的な思想を人類に刷り込んでいくけれど、
その前段階の思考法は縄文でもあったに違いない。
境界線は弥生以降の農地のように明示的ではないけれど
やはり慣習的「猟場」感覚はそれぞれ社会で認識されていただろう。
そういう認識相互での反目関係は容易に成長しただろう。
社会が形成されれば必然的に「安全保障」を人類は求めることになる。

北海道での北方民の研究で狩猟採集段階の人々の間でも
弓矢で殺害されたことが明示的な遺骨発掘があったとも聞いている。
弓矢という「兵器」開発にはどうしても強い関心を持ってしまう。

English version⬇

The Invention of the Bow and Arrow in the Jomon Period and the Foreboding of War 37,000 Years of Japanese Archipelago – 14
Sinful humans continued to slaughter wild animals with gentle eyes. The “weapon” itself evolved and developed. …

As the transition from Paleolithic to Jomon, there was settlement.
It is tempting to think that the transition from Paleolithic to Jomon brought about a safer society.
In fact, my experience of being attracted to the Marxist-communist ideology is due in part to the imprinting of the image of a so-called “primitive communist society” on my mind.
I was attracted to Marx’s communist ideology because it imprinted an image of a so-called “primitive communist society,” where there was peace without class inequality.
and the propaganda that a peaceful society with no class disparity had been realized there.
I think it was because of the propaganda that was actively disseminated.
A part of me thought it was an attractive society for the righteous minds of my youth.
However, if we take a cold look at history, the means of hunting also evolved during the Jomon period, and
In particular, the “bow and arrow,” a major tool for war and killing in later times, was developed in this Jomon period.
The Jomon period was also the time when the Jomon developed the bow and arrow, the main tool for warfare and killing in later times.
In the Japanese archipelago, the Jomon realized a society that depended on fishing and gathering for its livelihood, but in the world history in general, the Jomon developed from the Paleolithic period.
In the Jomon period, the Jomon were a fishing and gathering society, but world history in general has seen a transition from Paleolithic to agricultural societies.
As with the Jomon, the invention of the bow and arrow, and the evolution of killing weapons, crossed the red line.
In an agrarian society, there is an accumulation of agricultural products as “lootable food.
Warfare in which societies fight each other for it will become the norm.
In the Japanese archipelago, agriculture was delayed until the Yayoi period.
In the Japanese archipelago, agriculture was delayed until the Yayoi period, and the age of war was probably delayed comparatively.
However, we can imagine that the reality of the society was far removed from the Marxist utopia.

As shown in the figure, there is no doubt that the invention of the bow and arrow is a tool evolution of Paleolithic origin hunting.
Hunting of large terrestrial animals led to the decline of species, and to compensate for this, there was a decline of smaller animals.
The hunting of large terrestrial animals led to a decrease in the number of species, and to compensate for this, the need to target smaller animals from a distance increased.
The deciduous broadleaf forests that made the Jomon period possible also increased the diversity of small species.
In addition to the pursuit and pitfall hunting of the Paleolithic period, these “jumpers” emerged.
The bloody wars of the Yayoi and later periods were fostered by the Jomon period.
Tools that can kill animals are naturally effective against humans.
The Jomon were not a utopian society, but were steadily preparing for the next era of warfare.
The Jomon period seems to have been a time of settlement and the creation of regional societies.
The idea of close combat between regions inevitably led to the concept of “close combat”.
Adjacent hunting “territories” inevitably turned against each other.
In the Yayoi period, agricultural land itself was recognized as “property.
The Yayoi period, which was the beginning of the “hard-working” mentality that was imprinted on the human race, was a time of conflict.
The Jomon must have had a way of thinking at an earlier stage.
Although the boundaries are not as explicit as those of agricultural lands in the Yayoi period and later, the Jomon must have had their own customary “hunting grounds”.
The Jomon also must have had a customary sense of “hunting grounds,” although the boundaries were not as explicit as those of agricultural lands since the Yayoi period.
Such mutual antagonisms would have grown easily.
Once a society is formed, it will inevitably seek “security” for its people.

Studies of northern peoples in Hokkaido have shown that even among hunter-gatherer peoples, it is not uncommon for people to be killed by bow and arrow.
I have also heard that there have been remains excavated in Hokkaido that clearly indicate that people were killed with bows and arrows.
I cannot help but have a strong interest in the development of “weapons” called bows and arrows.

Posted on 11月 14th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

【土器は食文化の創始か？ 日本列島37,000年史-13】




地球温暖化が進み縄文海進によって海水面が上昇して
高温多湿的気候条件が日本列島に出現して、同時に土器文化が始まった。
大陸の東アジア南北でもほぼ同時期に土器がはじまる。
たぶんこのことは食に関する大変動があったことの反映に違いない。
そこで考えられるのは２つ。
ひとつは縄文海進によって落葉広葉樹の森が大きく広がって
そこから堅果類・ドングリとか多様な木の実が供給されたこと。
そしてもうひとつが広がってきた海やそこに流れ込む河川流域で
魚類という無尽蔵とも思える食糧資源が現実化したこと。
この２つの食料源が列島人類に提供されたことで
それへの食文化対応として「調理」という概念が成長したのではないか。
旧石器時代には狩猟採集生活スタイルとして獲物が獲得されると
「ばっかり食」となってしまい、栄養バランスはよくはない。
一般的に旧石器の寿命は縄文の定住にくらべ短命だったとされるのには
この栄養バランスの問題があったのではないか。
落葉照葉樹林から供給される植物性栄養源が栄養バランスを劇的に変容した。
もちろん落葉照葉樹林の広大な広がりによって
煮炊きに使用するエネルギー源として薪木が豊富に獲得可能になったことも
人類史的に大きかったように思われます。
どうもわたしには、こういう推論が魅力的に思える。

動物性タンパクは主に魚類がその用を担い、
一方で落葉照葉樹林が供給する植物性栄養源が出会う機会として
縄文土器がその調理の幅の拡大の役割を果たしていった。
陸生動物の肉食の文化としては基本的にはステーキが想像されるけれど、
海生動物・魚類については焼くほかに「煮る」食文化が発達したのではないか。
日本食に根強い「鍋食文化」が広範に広がった。
水辺という動物性と植物性の両方の食料源の接点で定住が可能になった。
こういう想像がいちばんムリのない解釈だと思えます。
とくに日本列島は暖流と寒流がせめぎ合う独特の地勢環境であり
また落葉照葉樹林からにじみ出す栄養源が河川を通じて周辺海域に
「海の恵み」の豊かさも育んだ。
地球環境の中でも特異的なこういう環境が独特の食文化を形成した。

大陸的生活環境に対して、日本列島はウオーターフロントという
暮らしやすさの面積的広がりはまったく優越した環境だったと思える。
居住がしやすい環境という意味合いからすると
国土面積とはまったく違った、海・水辺と後背の落葉照葉樹林という生活圏の
総合的居住可能面積では、日本列島は相当の豊かさを持っていた。
こういった環境が日本人の精神性の基底部分に強い影響を与えた。
海彦山彦という精神文化も揺籃したように思えてならない。

English version⬇

Are Earthenware the Founder of Food Culture? The 37,000-Year History of the Japanese Archipelago -13
The Jomon pottery culture was established in an environment with food resources such as the sea, waterfront, and deciduous evergreen forests in the background. The Jomon earthenware culture was established in this environment of food resources. This was the cradle of Japanese food and pot food culture. The Jomon Earthenware Culture

As global warming progressed and sea levels rose with the Jomon sea advance, hot and humid climatic conditions emerged in the Japanese archipelago.
The hot and humid climatic conditions in the Japanese archipelago led to the simultaneous emergence of earthenware culture.
Earthenware culture also began in the north and south of East Asia at about the same time.
This probably reflects the fact that there was a major upheaval in the food culture.
There are two possibilities.
The first is that the Jomon period saw the spread of deciduous broad-leaved forests, and the second is that the Jomon period saw the spread of hard fruits, acorns, and other edible plants.
The first is that the Jomon sea expansion greatly expanded deciduous broadleaf forests, which supplied a variety of nuts, such as hard fruits and acorns.
The other is that the sea and the rivers that flowed into it provided a seemingly inexhaustible supply of fish.
The other is the seemingly inexhaustible food resource of fish in the expanding oceans and the river basins that flow into them.
These two food sources were provided to the human population of the archipelago.
The concept of “cooking” may have grown as a food culture response to these two food sources.
In the Paleolithic period, when prey was acquired as part of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle
The Paleolithic lifestyle was a hunter-gatherer style, and when prey was acquired, it became an all-or-nothing diet, which did not have good nutritional balance.
It is generally believed that the life span of Paleolithic people was shorter than that of Jomon people.
This nutritional balance may have been the reason for the shorter lifespan of Paleolithic artifacts compared to Jomon settlements.
The plant source of nutrients supplied by deciduous evergreen forests dramatically altered the nutritional balance.
Of course, the vast expanse of deciduous evergreen forests
The abundance of firewood as a source of energy for cooking seems to have been a major factor in human history.
This seems to have been a major factor in human history.
This kind of reasoning seems appealing to me.

Fish are the main source of animal protein, while deciduous forests are the main source.
On the other hand, plant sources of nutrients provided by deciduous evergreen forests
Jomon pottery played a role in expanding the range of cooking.
While steaks are the basic meat of terrestrial animal cultures, the Jomon pottery was used to prepare a wide range of foods.
However, for marine animals and fish, in addition to grilling, a “boiling” food culture may have developed.
The “nabe food culture,” which is deeply rooted in Japanese cuisine, spread widely.
The waterside, a point of contact between animal and vegetable food sources, made it possible to settle down.
This seems to be the most reasonable interpretation.
In particular, the Japanese archipelago has a unique geographical environment where warm and cold currents converge.
In addition, nutrients oozing from deciduous evergreen forests are distributed through rivers to the surrounding seas, and the richness of the “bounty of the sea” has been nurtured.
The Japanese archipelago is a unique environment in the global environment.
This unique environment has created a unique food culture.

In contrast to continental living environments, the Japanese archipelago is a waterfront area.
The Japanese archipelago is a waterfront environment, which is superior to continental environments in terms of the area it covers for ease of living.
In terms of a habitable environment, the Japanese archipelago is different from the land area.
The total habitable area of the living area of the sea, waterfront, and deciduous evergreen forests in the hinterland is completely different from the land area of the country.
The Japanese archipelago was quite rich in terms of the total habitable area of the sea, waterfront, and deciduous foliage forests in the hinterland.
This environment had a strong influence on the base of Japanese people’s spirituality.
It seems that the spiritual culture of “Umihiko Yamahiko” was also cradled in this environment.

Posted on 11月 13th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: おとこの料理＆食, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

【定住開始＝「住宅」の創始 日本列島37,000年史-12】



日本列島での人類の暮らし、約16,000年前頃から縄文が始まり
それまでの狩猟採集の生業・移動キャンプ生活から「定住」が開始したとされる。
現世人類史7-8万年と言われるなかでようやく「住宅建築」が始まる。
上の写真と図版イラストは東京都あきる野市の「前田耕地遺跡」。
復元イメージとされるイラストの説明文は以下。
〜１万５千年前以降、各地で少数ながら住居状施設が見つかり始める。
ライフスタイルは旧石器時代の遊動生活から定着的な生活へと変化した。
東京都・前田耕地遺跡は河川合流点に位置し直径３ｍの住居跡が２軒ある。
また、洞窟や岩陰が居住に利用されることも多くなった。〜
写真を見ると円形の平面がわかる。建築的な空間の結界認識のはじめ。
イラストではテント状の構造で外観的には「三角錐」形状となる。
壁であり屋根である外皮で外界と結界するカタチ。
構造的に小屋組みは木材を交差させ頂部を組み合わせて造作したと推測できる。
３ｍという規模感を見ると２−３人の利用規模と思える。
〜二棟の住居跡が検出。一棟は掘りこみがなく8個の川原石が外周の一部に
沿って並べられておりいわゆる平地式の住居跡とみられている。
もう一棟は柱穴こそ確認されなかったが深さ10センチほどの掘りこみを持ち、
中央のやや北寄りに炉が設けられていた。〜
平地式と竪穴式の２棟があったというのはきわめて面白い。
竪穴という住居は地面を掘り下げることでその土地の「年平均気温」程度の
「地熱」が獲得できるが住宅建築創始期から人類はこの公知を持っていた。
また、この周辺からは2000点を超える石槍と膨大な剥片などが出土する。
ここで石槍を集中的に製作していたことが分かる。竪穴住居跡の床面土中から
大量の哺乳動物と魚類の骨片が検出され特に魚類の骨片を詳細に分析した結果、
住居内に60から70個のサケの頭部が存在。遺跡が多摩川とその支流・秋川が
合流する川べりに立地する特徴を考えるとサケが溯上する秋を中心とする時期に、
その捕獲と合わせて石槍を集中的に製作したと推定される。
石槍はイラストにあるようにサケを捕獲する道具として利用したのだろう。
日本列島的な定住ライフスタイルの原形が示されているように思える。
いまの東京都あきる野市でサケの遡上があるかどうか知らないけれど、
縄文海進当時には遡上が見られたということ。

一方で「洞窟や岩陰」という住居もとくに海岸線地域では利用されただろう。
縄文海進と温暖化、高温多湿への気候変化に対応して
列島人類は水辺に主たる生活圏を構成していったと思われる。
列島の海岸線でこういう洞窟利用の痕跡は多く発見されていてポピュラー。
わたしの家はブロック造ですが、こういう洞窟住居のDNA痕跡かとも思える。
そういえばヨーロッパは伝統的に「石の家」文化が根強いけれど
やはり洞窟住居DNAと連関性があるのかも知れない。

English version⬇

The Beginning of Settlement = The Inception of “Housing” 37,000 Years of Japanese Archipelago History-12
Pit dwellings, flatland dwellings, and cave dwellings, which can be considered the DNA roots of stone architecture. The basic prototype of housing from the early Jomon period.

Human life in the Japanese archipelago, starting around 16,000 years ago, the Jomon period began.
The Jomon period began around 16,000 years ago, and “settlement” is said to have begun, replacing the hunter-gatherer lifestyle and mobile camps that had existed until then.
Housing construction” finally began during the 70,000 to 80,000 years of present human history.
The photo and illustration above are of the Maeda Kochi Site in Akiruno City, Tokyo.
The following is a description of the illustration, which is said to be a restored image.
〜From 15,000 to 15,000 years ago, a small number of dwelling-like structures began to be found in various areas.
Lifestyles seem to have changed from the nomadic lifestyle of the Paleolithic Age to a more sedentary lifestyle.
At the Maeda Kochi site in Tokyo, located at the confluence of rivers, two dwelling sites with a diameter of 3 m were found.
In addition, caves and rocky shadows were often used for habitation. ~.
The photographs reveal a circular plan. The beginning of architectural space boundary recognition.
In the illustration, the tent-like structure is externally “triangular pyramidal” in shape.
The outer skin, which is both a wall and a roof, forms a boundary with the outside world.
Structurally, it can be inferred that the hut structure was built by crossing timbers and combining the tops.
The scale of 3m seems to indicate that 2-3 people used the house.
〜The remains of two dwellings were found. One of the dwellings was not dug into the ground, and eight river stones were laid out along a part of the perimeter.
The other building is thought to be a so-called “flatland style” dwelling site.
The other building has a 10cm-deep ditch with a furnace in the center slightly to the north, although no pillar holes were found.
A furnace was located slightly to the north of the center of the building. 〜The other building had a furnace in the center, slightly to the north.
It is very interesting that there were two types of dwellings, a plain type and a pit type.
A pit dwelling can obtain “geothermal heat” equivalent to the “average annual temperature” of the land by digging down into the ground.
This is something that humans have known since the earliest days of residential construction.
In addition, more than 2,000 stone spears and a vast amount of flakes have been excavated from this area.
This indicates that stone spears were intensively produced here. From the floor soil of the pit dwelling site
A large number of mammalian and fish bone fragments were found in the floor soil of the pit dwelling site, and a detailed analysis of the fish bone fragments in particular revealed that there were 60 to 70 salmon cages within the dwelling.
Detailed analysis of fish bone fragments in particular revealed the presence of 60 to 70 salmon heads within the dwelling. The site is located on the riverbank where the Tama River and its tributary, the Akigawa River, converge.
The site is located at the confluence of the Tama River and its tributary, the Akigawa River, it is likely that the site was used to catch and spear salmon in the fall when the salmon were running upstream.
It is presumed that stone spears were intensively manufactured in conjunction with the capture of salmon in the fall when they migrate upstream.
The stone spears were probably used as tools for catching salmon, as shown in the illustration.
This seems to be the prototype of the Japanese archipelago’s sedentary lifestyle.
I do not know if there is a salmon run in Akiruno City, Tokyo today, but I do know that the run was seen at the time of the Jomon sea advance.

On the other hand, “caves and rock shadows” dwellings would also have been used, especially in coastal areas.
In response to the Jomon sea advance, global warming, and climatic changes from hot to humid
The archipelago’s human population seems to have made the waterside their main living area.
Many traces of cave use have been found along the coastlines of the archipelago, and it is very popular.
My house is made of blocks, but I think it may be DNA traces of such cave dwellings.
Come to think of it, Europe has traditionally had a strong “stone house” culture.
I wonder if it is related to the DNA of cave dwellings.

Posted on 11月 12th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 住宅マーケティング, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

【旧石器から縄文の世へ 日本列島37,000年史-11】


しばらく連載の稿を離れていましたが、仕事の方はやや小康してきたので
ふたたび「日本列島37,000年史」に復帰したいと思います。
歴史と住空間の相関文化史という視点でしょうか。
37,000年というのは日本列島に人類痕跡が確認される最初期からの時間。
最終氷期の最寒期後（19,000年前）から温暖化・海水準上昇＝縄文海進があり、
16,000年前頃から日本では縄文時代が始まる。
この海水準上昇は約120メートルにおよんだ（年速1–2cm）。
ピーク時である約6,500年〜約6,000年前まで上昇が続いたと言われている。
おおまかには日本列島人類史は、旧石器と縄文以降に２分される。
上の図は縄文を象徴する「土器」文化のアジア圏での分布。
縄文海進によって同時期に各文化圏で同時に土器文化が花開く。
あ、図は先般来触れてきたように最新の国立歴史民俗博物館展示からです。

こういう図を見せられるといかに縄文海進のインパクトが凄まじいか、
如実に示されていると思います。
大陸では大型陸生動物のハンティングは生業として維持できたかも知れないが
動物相が大きく変化しただろう日本列島社会では
動物性タンパク獲得は主に魚類に限定されるようになったのだろうと思います。
前回まで触れたように陸生動物ハンティングによってもたらされた
知恵の基本原理に対してそれに上乗せするように魚類獲得の知恵が加わった。
日本人的思考法の基底刷り込みにこの思考文脈は大きかったに違いない。
陸生動物の動態観察と海生魚類の動態解明には違いがあるでしょう。
海には海流があり、それに連動して魚種が変化する。
その生態をよく研究していくことで漁獲に大きな差が生まれただろう。
また、カツオの１本釣りなど漁撈方法も魚種に合わせて発展した。
こういう思考法が人間の社会ルール構築にも影響したように思える。
現代の日本人の思考法の特徴にはこの要素が大きいのではないかと推測。


一方で大陸社会との交流ということも人類知の獲得のような意味で
きわめて目的的に追究されただろうことも容易に想像される。
中国大陸では漁業は伝統的に大きく育たなかったと司馬遼太郎の記述で読んだ。
どうも遠浅の東シナ海では獲得できる魚種が限られ味覚発展があまりなかったのか、
たとえばフカヒレのような高級食材は日本からの輸入専一だったとされる。
またコンブも日本北方産のものが珍重されていたとされる。
その分、２大大河の存在という条件によって農業文化が基盤になり
農業文化の特徴として支配と被支配の関係性が強調される文化を生んだ。
暦という農業の基本要素に基づいて自然の表現のための文字文化が起こり
やがて歴史として刻印されていく交流が東アジア世界で始まっていく。
こんな視点でそうした基盤になった縄文の世を考えて見たい。

English version⬇

From the Paleolithic to the Jomon Era: The 37,000-Year History of the Japanese Archipelago – 11
The human history of the Japanese archipelago is divided into two parts: the Paleolithic period and the Jomon period and beyond. The Jomon and post-Jomon periods are divided into two parts: the Paleolithic and the post-Jomon periods. The Jomon period was also a time of knowledge.

I have been away from writing serial articles for a while, but now that there has been a lull in my work, I would like to return to the “37,000 Year History of the Japanese Islands” again.
I would like to return to the “37,000 Year History of the Japanese Islands” again.
I would like to return to the “37,000 Year History of the Japanese Archipelago” from the viewpoint of a correlated cultural history of history and living space.
37,000 years is the time since the first traces of humans were found in the Japanese archipelago.
After the coldest period of the last glacial period (19,000 years ago), there was global warming and sea-level rise (Jomon sea-level rise).
The Jomon Period began in Japan around 16,000 years ago.
This sea-level rise was about 120 meters (1-2 cm/year).
The rise is said to have continued until its peak about 6,500 to 6,000 years ago.
The human history of the Japanese archipelago can be roughly divided into Paleolithic and post-Jomon periods.
The figure above shows the distribution of “earthenware” culture, which symbolizes the Jomon, in the Asian region.
The Jomon culture flourished simultaneously in each cultural area during the same period of time.
As mentioned earlier, this figure is from the latest exhibit at the National Museum of Japanese History.

This figure shows the tremendous impact of the Jomon sea advance.
I think it really shows how great the impact of the Jomon sea advance was.
On the continent, hunting large terrestrial animals could have been maintained as a livelihood, but the fauna would have changed drastically.
In the Japanese archipelago, where the fauna would have changed drastically, the acquisition of animal protein was mainly done by fish.
I believe that the acquisition of animal protein is now mainly limited to fish.
As previously mentioned, the basic principle of wisdom brought about by terrestrial animal hunting
The wisdom of acquiring fish was added on top of the basic principle of wisdom brought about by hunting of terrestrial animals, as I mentioned in the previous article.
This context of thinking must have been a major part of the basic imprinting of the Japanese way of thinking.
There must be a difference between observing the dynamics of terrestrial animals and elucidating the dynamics of marine fishes.
The ocean has currents, and fish species change in tandem with the currents.
A good study of their ecology would have made a big difference in the catch.
In addition, fishing methods, such as single-line fishing for skipjack, developed in accordance with the species of fish.
This way of thinking seems to have influenced the construction of human social rules.
I believe that this element may be a major characteristic of the modern Japanese way of thinking.

On the other hand, it is easy to imagine that exchange with continental societies
On the other hand, it is easy to imagine that exchange with continental societies would have been pursued with great purpose, in the sense of acquiring human knowledge.
I read in Ryotaro Shiba’s book that the fishing industry did not traditionally grow in mainland China.
I wonder if the East China Sea, with its shallow waters, did not allow for much development of taste in the species of fish that could be acquired there.
For example, it is said that luxury foodstuffs such as shark’s fin were exclusively imported from Japan.
Kelp from the northern part of Japan is also said to have been highly prized.
The existence of two major rivers in the area led to the development of an agricultural culture, which was characterized by the domination and subjugation of the people.
This culture emphasized the relationship between the dominant and the subjugated as a characteristic of the agricultural culture.
Based on the calendar, the basic element of agriculture, a written culture arose to express nature.
Eventually, the East Asian world began to interact with each other in a way that is etched in history.
I would like to consider the Jomon period as the basis for such a culture.

Posted on 11月 11th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究, 歴史探訪 | No Comments »

【宗教的信心と布施金額表現への違和感】




まだ裁判も始まっていない、容疑者の精神鑑定中でもあるけれど、
安倍元総理の暗殺事件があってその引き金を引いた人間が
ある宗教に母親が多額の寄進をして一家経済破綻したことを動機として
語ったという警察リーク以来、その宗教に対して世の中の関心が高まった。

わたし自身は特段特定宗教に対して信心する、
あるいは積極的に宗教活動にのめり込むということはなかった。
一方高校生時期に新左翼運動に傾倒してアジ演説などはしていた。
左翼の思想に対し内面から沸き立ってくる社会正義観と同期させていた。
しかし多くのきっかけで内省を深める機会を持てたことで自から関係を絶った。
その後、今回の問題の教団の関係団体などにも大学キャンパス周辺で
強引な勧誘活動に遭遇したことはあったが関わりを持つことはなかった。
左翼運動と宗教というのはある相似性は持っているとは感じた。
勧誘を受けたときのファナティックな「宗教心」にはきわめて懐疑的だった。
それはたぶん左翼運動離脱経験から得たものだったように思っている。
左翼運動というものがある特定の思想を絶対強制するのに対して
違った角度、欲望喚起型とは思えた。
宗教は「こういう攻め方をするのか」とちょっと驚いていた。
それは端的に言って「カネが絡む」という感覚だろうか。
歴史が好きな人間としては、在地する神社仏閣に対しては
人間の「文化活動」の大きな痕跡として強く興味は持っている。
そういう荘厳性の維持には当然カネは掛かるのも事実。
布施というものを集金しない限り、存続し続けることは難しい。
宗教は巨大になればなるほど、必要なおカネをどうするのかという
問題の解決を迫られることは疑いがないだろう。
日本社会では歴史的な変遷経緯を経て、宗教の無税が実施されている。
写真のような成田山新勝寺の境内風景を見たことがある。
この寺院は関東有数の初詣ランキング上位の常連として名高い。
1位 明治神宮（東京都）319万人
2位 成田山新勝寺（千葉県）298万人
3位 川崎大師（神奈川県）296万人
〜2020年全国の初詣参拝者数ランキングより。
その参道の中腹に写真のような「お布施額」を誇らしげに見せる石碑群。
よくみるとどれにも金額が大書されている・・・。
金額については日本が経験してきた金融経済史が反映されているけれど、
いかにも「どうだ」みたいに恥ずかしげも無く顕示されている。
どういった経緯でこういう無知性な表現に至るのか、疑問。
参道に設置されているということは宗教としての意思も感じる。

こういう事例はとくにこの寺に限らず普遍的に存在する。
信心の篤さが金額表現されているような異様な光景・・・。
信者としては篤志として寄進したのだろうけれど、
宗教としてはそれを石碑として表象する特異な相関性。
これは人間社会のある根幹部分をも示しているのではないか。

English version⬇

[Religious piety and discomfort with the expression “fuse amount.
The way the money is expressed without hesitation makes my feet heavy as I walk along the approach to the temple. It is a fact that Catholics were also selling indulgences. The fact that Catholics also sold indulgences. I am not sure if this is true or not.

Though the trial has not yet begun, and the suspect is still undergoing psychiatric evaluation
There was an assassination attempt on former Prime Minister Abe, and the person who triggered it
The police leaked that the person who triggered the assassination of former Prime Minister Abe spoke of his mother’s large donation to a certain religion as a motive for the family’s financial ruin.
The police leaked a story that the person who triggered the assassination of former Prime Minister Abe said that he was motivated by his mother’s large donation to a religion that had ruined the family financially.

I myself am not a believer in any particular religion, nor do I actively participate in religious activities.
I myself have never been a believer in any particular religion or actively involved in religious activities.
On the other hand, during my high school years, I was devoted to the New Left Movement and gave speeches.
I synchronized leftist ideology with a sense of social justice that welled up inside me.
However, after many opportunities to deepen his introspection, he voluntarily severed his relationship with the group in question.
Later, I was also involved in groups related to the cult in question in this case, and other groups around the university campus.
I have encountered aggressive recruiting activities around the university campus, but I have never been involved with them.
I felt that the leftist movement and religion have certain similarities.
I was very skeptical of the fanatic “religiosity” of those who were recruited.
I think that this was probably a result of my experience of leaving the leftist movement.
Whereas the leftist movement absolutely enforces a certain ideology, the leftist movement has a different angle, a desire-driven approach.
I thought it was a different angle, a desire-inspiring type.
I was a little surprised that religion would be attacked in this way.
Is that the sense of “money involved” in a nutshell?
As a person who loves history, I have an interest in the shrines and temples that are located in the area.
I have a strong interest in local shrines and temples as major traces of human “cultural activities.
It is also true that it costs money to maintain such solemnity.
Unless they collect donations, it is difficult for them to continue to exist.
The larger a religion becomes, the more it is forced to solve the problem of how to raise the necessary money.
There is no doubt that the larger a religion becomes, the more it will be forced to solve the problem of what to do with the money it needs.
In Japanese society, there is a historical transition process that has resulted in the implementation of tax-free religion.
I have seen the precincts of Naritasan Shinsho-ji Temple as shown in the photo.
This temple is renowned as one of the top regulars in the Kanto region’s leading Hatsumode ranking.
No. 1 Meiji Jingu Shrine (Tokyo): 3.19 million visitors
No. 2 Naritasan Shinshoji Temple (Chiba Prefecture): 2.98 million visitors
No. 3 Kawasaki Daishi Temple (Kanagawa Prefecture): 2.96 million visitors
〜The number of visitors to the temple is based on the ranking of the number of visitors to the temple in Japan in 2020.
The picture shows a group of stone monuments in the middle of the approach to the temple, proudly displaying the “amount of offerings” as shown in the picture.
If you look closely, you can see the amount of money written in large letters on all of them….
The amount of money reflects the financial and economic history that Japan has experienced.
The amount of money reflects the financial and economic history that Japan has experienced, but it is shamelessly displayed as if to say, “How’s it going?
I wonder how they came up with this ignorant expression.
The fact that it is placed on the approach to the temple suggests a religious intention.

This kind of case is not limited to this temple in particular, but exists universally.
It is a bizarre scene that seems to express the amount of money that the piety of the believers is expressed.
As a believer, he/she may have donated the money as a gesture of charity, but as a religious person, he/she respects it as a monument.
But as a religion, it is respected as a stone monument.
This may indicate a fundamental part of human society.

Posted on 11月 10th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 日本社会・文化研究 | No Comments »

【息の長いMacデータ復元作業へ地道に・・・】



昨日から諸業務に一段落ついたので懸案のMacデータ復元作業に着手。
っていうか、例のSSD外付け製造会社からは悲観的な見通しが示されていて
いわば本スジでの復元はなかばは諦めざるを得ないことになっています。
電気的ショックがなんらかの要因で加わったものというのが原因推定ですが
メーカーとの間での原因特定して同意を得るのは困難だと思えるし、
また本来の自分自身の大切なデータ復元自体とその努力は一致しない。

ということで時間をみながら、古い問題を起こしたMacをTimeMachineを使って
問題発生した時点2022.9.15以前のバックアップ時点に戻して
その段階の環境から、救い出せそうなデータを探す作業であります。
まずは緊急避難的、応急対応的なデータ群を
問題が起こった時点でのMac本体上で再確認するということ。
復元段階でも主要なデータは外付けSSDに置かれていたので
ムダかなぁと思っていたのですが、完全にムダかどうか
時間があればチャレンジはしてみる価値があると思ったのです。
「一縷の望み」みたいなことですね（笑）。
この工程前段階の機種変更は済ませたので旧環境マシンをほぼ２ヶ月前に復元。
そうしたところ「デスクトップ」データが復元された。
そのなかで「cloud」にバックアップされていたデータ群と出会った（！）
恐る恐るそのフォルダ群にアクセスしたところ、
カラのフォルダも多いのですが、なかには実データがあるものもあったのです。
おお、であります。
そういったデータ群をとりあえず現在環境の方に移行させて保存。
ここから先はひとつひとつのデータをチェックして
個別にそれが有用なオリジナルであるか、現在環境と照合していく作業。
「パーソナル」コンピュータ上のデータなので、こういう照合作業も
ユーザー自身が全部をしっかり確認するしかない。
根気のいる作業ですが、ジミジミと頑張りたいと思っております。
しかし絶望は愚か者の結論と呪文を唱えながら（笑）
たまに発見できるリアルデータに一喜一憂を繰り返しております。

回り道した上でもう一回、分岐点に戻って破壊された残骸のなかから
生き残っている有用価値を再発見するような作業。
作業効率という現代世界の最大公理にはどうも相反する作業ですが、
時間を見つけながら取り組んでいこうと考えております。
三途の川の川原で石を積み上げる作業にも似ているのかなぁ（笑）。
＜写真は本文とは関係ありません＞

English version⬇

Steady to the long-lasting Mac data recovery work…
External SSD suddenly ascended. Pessimistic news from the manufacturer. Searching for the missing data by all means. Piles of stones on the banks of the Sanzu River…

Since yesterday, I’ve been working on my Mac data recovery project.
I mean, the SSD external manufacturer gave me a pessimistic outlook.
So, I have to give up on the restoration in the main process, so to speak.
The cause of the problem is presumed to be some kind of electrical shock.
It would be difficult to identify and agree on the cause with the manufacturer, and it would also be difficult to restore the data that is important to me.
Also, it is not consistent with the original data recovery itself, which is very important to me.

So, I’m going to try to restore the old problematic Mac using TimeMachine, while watching the time.
Back to the backup point in time before 2022.9.15 when the problem occurred.
I am trying to find data that can be salvaged from the environment at that stage.
First, we need to find the data that can be saved as an emergency evacuation or emergency response.
The first step is to reconfirm the emergency evacuation and emergency response data on the Mac at the time the problem occurred.
Since the main data was placed on the external SSD even at the restoration stage, I thought it would be useless.
I was wondering if it would be a waste of time, but I am not sure if it is a complete waste of time or not.
I thought it would be worth a try if I had time.
It’s like “a ray of hope” (laughs).
Since I had already changed the model in the preliminary stage of this process, I restored the old machine to the way it was almost two months ago.
I did so, and the “desktop” data was restored.
In the process, I came across a group of data that had been backed up in the “cloud” (!).
When I accessed the folders with trepidation, I found that they were all empty.
There were many empty folders, but some of them had actual data.
Oh, yes!
I migrated them to the current environment and saved them.
From this point on, we check each piece of data individually to see if it is useful and original.
From this point on, we check each piece of data individually to see if it is a useful original and check it against the current environment.
Since the data is on a “personal” computer, this kind of verification work is not done by the user.
The only way to do this is for the user to check all the data thoroughly himself.
It is a patient process, but we are willing to do our best.
But despair is a fool’s conclusion and spells the conclusion of a fool (laughs).
I am repeatedly pleased and saddened by the real data that can be discovered from time to time.

After taking a detour, I return once more to the junction point and rediscover the useful value that survives among the destroyed wreckage.
I am happy and sad again.
It is a task that is at odds with the greatest axiom of the modern world, which is work efficiency.
But I am planning to work on it as I find the time.
I wonder if it is similar to the work of piling up stones on the banks of the Sanzu River (laughs).

Posted on 11月 9th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: Mac.PC＆DTP | No Comments »

【雲との永い対話 地球の息づかい2】



仕事上では最近、新事業のこともあって
水面下での動きが主流になってくるので当然書きにくい事柄が多い。
ということでブログではやや一般的な興味分野についての話題が増えてきます。
やむを得ない状況のなかであります。

で、究極的に「雲をつかむような」話題ということです（笑）。
写真は最近の出張時に見ていたホテルの部屋からの朝の雲の様子。
動物は「天気」という自然条件によって毎日の行動に制約が掛かってくる。
天気のいい日には「遠くまで行く」という心情を呼びやすいし
雨模様の日には「あんまり外には出ないようにしよう」というふうに考える。
「雲行き」というコトバは人間生活の基本決定要因。
そして人間は生きてきた日数だけ、空模様とは対話し続けてきている。
しかし当然ながら、風土性には世界各地、日本各地で違いがある。
雲というのはその土地の水分を反映するものでもあるでしょうから
結果として、その場所で出会う雲の様子とは一期一会のものだろうと思う。
青春期にはじめて海外旅行をしたとき、ローマに降り立って
地中海気候の半島部に沸き立つ雲の様子を見て
「え、雲の表情がこんなにも違う・・・」と強い印象を持った。
最近の「地球史」主に気候変動と地形変動の研究などをチラ見すると
こういう直感印象には大きな根拠があるのだと気付かされます。
日本列島というのはアジア大陸から分離して
その後、生成された日本海と、ヒマラヤ山脈からの偏西風によって
独特の気候環境がもたらされた、というように分析されてきている。
四季変化がここまで明瞭である風土というのは実は奇跡的で
そういった特異性は雲のさまざまな表情に正確に反映されているのではないか、
自然な直感としてそのように思っています。
日本海と太平洋に挟まれた気候風土条件はイタリア半島とも通じるものが
あるのかもしれない。
わかいときにこころに芽生えたこういう気付きに
長い年月経過後に再度、気になって仕方なくなってしまう（笑）。
人生時間には定量というものがあるのだから、
少なくとも自分という記憶装置に芽生えた素朴な印象、疑問については
なにがしかの「解」を求めてみたい、そう考えるのは自然。

で、この写真に現れた雲からのメッセージについて
そこにはやはりその土地の大状況が反映していることは間違いがない。
場所は千葉県内陸部地域であり、そこから東方向、太平洋側を向いた方向。
関東平野の広がりと房総半島的な両方の要素が表れるのでしょう。
広大な平野部を反映した雲が、空というキャンパス上で
一期一会で踊る光景からどんな超メッセージが伝わってくるのか？
すこしずつ、学びを深めていきたいと思っています。

English version⬇

A Long Dialogue with Clouds: The Earth’s Breath 2
The combination of Japan’s volcanic terrain, the steam from the Sea of Japan, and the westerly winds from the Himalayas creates a unique cloud formations on the earth. Gaze at the clouds that reflect this. The clouds reflect this.

On the job, I’ve been working on some new projects lately.
In my work, there are many matters that are naturally difficult to write about, since they are mainly underwater activities.
This means that my blog will increasingly focus on topics of general interest.
This is an unavoidable situation.

So, ultimately, I am talking about topics that “catch the clouds” (laughs).
The photo shows the morning clouds from my hotel room during a recent business trip.
Animals are constrained in their daily activities by the natural conditions of “weather.
On a sunny day, it is easy to call to mind “going far away,” and
On a rainy day, they think, “I should not go out too much.
The word “cloudiness” is a basic determinant of human life.
And humans have been interacting with the sky for as many days as they have lived.
Naturally, however, there are differences in the climate of different parts of the world and of different parts of Japan.
Clouds are probably a reflection of the moisture content of the land.
As a result, I believe that the clouds one encounters in a particular place are a once-in-a-lifetime occurrence.
When I traveled abroad for the first time in my youth, I landed in Rome and
I landed in Rome and saw the clouds rising over a peninsula with a Mediterranean climate.
I had a strong impression that the clouds looked so different from each other.
When I glanced at recent studies on the history of the earth, mainly on climate change and landform change, I found that there was a great deal of evidence for this intuitive impression.
I realize that these intuitive impressions have a great basis.
The Japanese archipelago was separated from the Asian continent
The Sea of Japan and the prevailing westerly winds from the Himalayas have created a unique climatic environment.
The Japan Sea and the prevailing westerly winds from the Himalayas have brought about a unique climatic environment.
It is actually a miracle that the four seasons are so distinct.
I have a natural intuition that such peculiarities are accurately reflected in the various expressions of clouds.
This is my natural intuition.
The climatic conditions between the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean may have something in common with the Italian peninsula.
It may have something in common with the Italian peninsula.
This realization, which sprouted in my heart when I was young, will come back to me again after many years.
I can’t help but become curious again after a long time has passed (laughs).
There is a fixed amount of time in life.
I should at least seek some kind of “solution” for the simple impression or question that sprouted in the memory device called myself.
It is natural to want to seek some kind of “solution” to at least the simple impressions and questions that have sprouted in one’s memory.

And, as for the message from the clouds in this photo
There is no doubt that the message from the clouds in this photo is a reflection of the local conditions.
The location is the inland region of Chiba Prefecture, and the direction from there is toward the east, facing the Pacific Ocean.
It would show both the expanse of the Kanto Plain and the Boso Peninsula-like elements.
Clouds reflecting the vast plain on the campus called the sky.
What kind of super-message will be conveyed from the scene that dances in a single lifetime?
I would like to deepen my study little by little.

Posted on 11月 8th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: 未分類 | No Comments »

【地球の息づかい・ニセコ大湯沼硫黄泉に癒される】



最近、地質レベルでの「歴史」というものが解析されている。
東京上野の国立科学博物館では「化学層序」という聞き慣れない展示。
地質の積み重なり「層序」レベルでの史的研究成果を発表している。
わたしのライフワーク化してきた興味分野、歴史・地球史という
レベルでの人類知が深まってきているということなのですね。
地球の生成についての現在までの時間経緯をあきらかにしてくれている。
人生時間には定めがあるので、それに生きるという選択はもうないのだけれど、
しかしこういう好奇心を刺激して止まない進歩にはワクワクさせられる。
人間一個ではある特定の分野で活動するくらいしかないけれど、
同時代を生きる同胞たちの人生成果から深いものを教えていただける。
本当にすばらしいことだと思っています。

たまたま日本列島という環境条件の中にいのちを受けて
火山列島での人生を過ごしてきて、その心身を無上に癒してくれるのは温泉。
写真は先日行ったニセコ町の「大湯沼」の様子であります。
日本列島という長い地質年代的生成過程のある断面として
温泉のふしぎがあると思いますが、ここでは温泉が露頭してみえている。
沼の水面では火山活動によるお湯の煮立ちの様子が目でみえる。
それこそさまざまな地質の「層序」を複雑に通り抜けた地熱が
溜まった沼の水面をグラグラと湯立たせている。
わたしは料理が好きなのでまるでキッチンに立っているような錯覚（笑）。
温泉卵という発想は人間誰しもたのしく思い浮かぶことがわかる。
・・・というような思いを持っていたら、解説文は以下のよう。
「チセヌプリの南麓にある大湯沼はその昔は間欠泉で一定時間で噴湯があったが
明治末年、イギリスのハウル社という鉱山会社によって湯沼から大量の硫黄が
組み上げられたことで湯沼の構造が崩れ間欠泉は失われた」という記述。
まぁそういう「人新世」的な自然破壊もまた現実にたくさん起こって
たぶん目に見える環境も、そのような関与の結果としていまわれわれの前にある。
「化学層序」とともに人間の活動というものも深く地球に関与し始めている。
ハウル社さんはきっと爆薬原料として硫黄を採掘したのでしょう。
自然破壊の証拠とも言えるけれど、しかし現在温泉としても利用しているので、
そういうことも含めて自然の営為といえる、まさに「人新世」。

で、隣接する町営温泉では硫黄臭たっぷりのお湯が楽しめる。
温泉成分にはガス成分も多量に含まれるということで換気が徹底され
寒いくらいの室温の中、香ばしい硫黄温泉に浸かっておりました。
巨大な地球の地質変動のたまたまの一瞬の刹那のなかでは
人間の営みなどほんのちっぽけさなのでしょうね。

English version⬇

Healing at Niseko Oyunuma Sulfur Springs, the Breath of the Earth
The geology of the volcanic archipelago on the earth’s level, Japanese people are incomparable hot spring lovers. The towels used are soaked in the thick sulfur smell. But I love it. I love it every day (laughs). I love it every day (laughs).

Recently, “history” at the geological level has been analyzed.
At the National Museum of Nature and Science, Ueno, Tokyo, an unfamiliar exhibit called “Chemistry Stratigraphy” is on display.
The exhibit presents the results of research at the “stratigraphic” level, which is the layering of geological formations.
This is a field of interest that has become my life’s work, and it has deepened my knowledge of history at the level of earth history, so to speak.
I am now able to understand more and more about the history of the Earth at the level of the Earth’s history.
It is revealing the history of the creation of the earth up to the present time.
I know that I no longer have the choice to live in that time, because life time is predetermined.
But I am always thrilled by the advances that continue to stimulate my curiosity.
I am always thrilled to see such progress.
As an individual, I can only be active in one particular field.
but we can learn something profound from the life achievements of our fellow human beings living in the same era.
I think this is truly wonderful.

I happened to be born in the environmental conditions of the Japanese archipelago, and I have spent my life on a volcanic archipelago.
Having spent my life on a volcanic archipelago, I find that hot springs heal my body and soul.
The photo shows the Oyunuma Swamp in the town of Niseko, which I visited the other day.
As a cross-section of the long geological and chronological formation process that is the Japanese Archipelago, I think there is a mystery of hot springs.
The hot springs can be seen outcropping here.
On the surface of the swamp, we can see the boiling of hot water caused by volcanic activity.
That is the geothermal heat that has passed through the various geological “stratigraphy” in a complex way.
The surface of the swamp water was boiling with a wobble.
I like cooking, so I felt as if I was standing in the kitchen (laugh).
I know that the idea of “onsen tamago” (hot spring eggs) comes to everyone’s mind with pleasure.
I was thinking that I would like to try this, but then I read the following commentary.
Oyunuma, located at the southern foot of Chisenupuri, used to be a geyser that gushed hot water at regular intervals.
In the end of the Meiji era, a large amount of sulfur was produced by a mining company named Howle in England, and the structure of the Yunuma Swamp was built up.
The geyser was lost when the structure of Yunuma collapsed due to a large amount of sulfur being pumped out of Yunuma by a British mining company called Howle and Co.
Well, such “Anthropocene” destruction of nature also occurred in reality.
The visible environment is now before us as a result of such involvement.
Along with the “chemical stratigraphy,” human activities are also deeply involved in the earth.
I am sure that Howl Corporation mined sulfur as a raw material for explosives.
It could be said that this is evidence of the destruction of nature, but since it is also used as a hot spring today, it is not surprising that the sulfur mine was used as a source of explosives.
This is also an act of nature, the “Anthropocene”.

The adjacent hot spring is full of the smell of sulfur.
The hot spring water contains a large amount of gaseous components, so ventilation is strictly enforced.
We were soaking in the fragrant sulfur hot spring in the cold room temperature.
In a momentary epoch of huge geological changes of the earth, human activities are only a small part of the story.
I guess human activities are just a small part of the momentary geological changes of the gigantic earth.

Posted on 11月 7th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: こちら発行人です | No Comments »

【人間の生きる場所と外部との関係】



どうもここのところ興味分野が内面的になってきているかもしれない。
家の意味合いという本質的な部分でしょうか。
空間としての機能性というものでは生存維持と自己DNAの世代更新、
子育ての安全環境を作り出すということが家というものの基本目標。
人間という生物存在は完全に成長するまでには20年近い長い時間を必要とする。
その間は親の世代がその安全環境を保障するのが自然。
意識するかしないかは問わず、このことが最大の目標になる場合が圧倒的だった。
一方で単身での人生選択の結果を反映した家づくりも広がってきている。
このことが人間の家づくりの意味合いを根底的に変えるのかどうかは
まだ趨勢をしっかり見定めていかなければならない。
子育てという目標とそれがない場合の違いというのは、
まだ十分に体系的に把握できない段階なのではないか。
今後、こういう部分も探求されていく必要はあると認識している。

そういう人間生活論とは別に、機能性としての住宅では
窓の開け方というのが最大の興味分野になることは間違いが無い。
より大きくは地域環境そのものを選択するという前提条件があり、
この部分から大きな仕分けができていくのだろう。
しかし一般的にはそういう選択以降、周辺環境との「対話」について
窓の開け方、風景の切り取り方というのが重要なファクターになる。
ここで北海道の場合には周辺環境の風景密度が広い、という与条件がある。
「なにもない空間」という部分が大きいと思う。
冬の堆雪場所を確保せざるを得ないことから、このことが必然化する。
建物間隔であったり、道路の空隙領域が相対的に広く取られるということ。
このことが窓の切り取り方にも大きく影響してくる。
札幌のような都市集住環境でも「視線が抜けて行く」感覚は強くある。
北海道以外の地域では「見たくない」外部環境の中、見たい環境造営として
庭造りの需要が高まるけれど、北海道では必ずしもそうではない。
なんといっても圧倒的な風景の広がりが担保されていることから、
そこまでは人工に頼らないという風土性が存在する。
首都圏に暮らした経験からするとまず雲の生成、様子自体が全然違うと思う。
はじめて海外に行ったとき「あ、雲が違うなぁ」と感じたけれど、
大きな地域環境要因での相違が大きいのだと思っている。
もちろんそれぞれの地域でそれぞれの圧倒的美感はあるのだけれど、
それよりも周辺環境的「狭さ」がより強く感じてしまう。
北海道もやがて本州化して意識的に周辺環境を創造する必要性が高まるのかどうか、
まだ、人口密度がそこまでになっていないので、意識化されていない。
窓の開け方、風景の切り取り方にあっけらかんとして対応しているのだろうか。

高断熱高気密という性能要件以上に案外この部分が、
北海道とそれ以外の地域の家づくりの意識の決定的違いなのかもしれない。
全国規模の住宅コンクール審査を依頼されそうなのですが、
そういうこともきっかけにして、こんなテーマについても
家づくりのメンタルの部分での文化的相違として考えて見たいと思っている。

English version⬇

[The relationship between the place where humans live and the outside world.
Each region has significant differences in cloud production and the sense of landscape. The balance between the man-made environment and the local environment created by clouds. We would like to consider the human environment from this perspective. ・・・・・.

Apparently, my field of interest may be becoming more internal these days.
Is it the essential meaning of a house?
In terms of functionality as a space, the basic goal of a house is to maintain survival, to renew one’s DNA generationally, and to create a safe environment for raising children.
The basic goal of a house is to create a safe environment for raising children.
A human being needs nearly 20 years to fully develop.
During that time, it is natural for the parents’ generation to guarantee a safe environment for their children.
Whether consciously or not, this was overwhelmingly the primary goal in many cases.
On the other hand, there is a growing trend toward home building that reflects the results of single life choices.
Whether this will fundamentally change the meaning of human home building remains to be seen.
We still have to closely monitor the trend.
The difference between the goal of raising a child and the goal of not raising a child is still a stage that cannot be fully systematically grasped.
The difference between the goal of child rearing and the absence of child rearing cannot yet be fully systematically grasped.
We recognize the need to explore this aspect in the future.

Apart from such a theory of human life, the way windows are opened is the most interesting aspect of housing in terms of functionality.
The way windows are opened is surely the area of greatest interest.
The larger premise is the selection of the local environment itself.
This is where the major sorting takes place.
In general, however, after such a selection, “dialogue” with the surrounding environment
The way windows are opened and the way landscapes are cut off are important factors.
In the case of Hokkaido, the density of the landscape in the surrounding environment is very large, which is a prerequisite.
The “empty space” is a major factor.
This is inevitable because it is necessary to secure a place to store snow in winter.
The space between buildings and the road space is relatively wide.
This also has a significant impact on the way windows are cut.
Even in an urban residential environment such as Sapporo, there is a strong sense of “the line of sight slipping away.
In areas outside of Hokkaido, the demand for garden construction is increasing as a way to create an environment that people want to see in the midst of an external environment that they “don’t want to see.
In Hokkaido, however, this is not necessarily the case.
After all, the overwhelming expanse of the landscape is guaranteed.
However, this is not necessarily the case in Hokkaido.
Having lived in the Tokyo metropolitan area, I can say that cloud formation and the appearance of clouds themselves are completely different.
When I went abroad for the first time, I felt “Oh, the clouds are different.
I believe that there is a big difference due to environmental factors in each region.
Of course, each region has its own overwhelming sense of beauty.
I felt more strongly the “narrowness” of the surrounding environment.
I wonder if Hokkaido will eventually become more like Honshu, and whether the need to consciously create the surrounding environment will increase.
Since the population density has not yet reached that level, it has not yet been made conscious.
Are they responding to the opening of windows and the cropping of landscapes in a straightforward manner?

More than the performance requirement of high thermal insulation and airtightness, this part of the house is more important than one might think.
This may be the decisive difference in the awareness of house building between Hokkaido and the rest of Japan.
I’m about to be asked to judge a nationwide housing competition.
That is also a good opportunity for me to discuss such a theme as well.
I would like to consider and see this as a cultural difference in the mentality of house building.

Posted on 11月 6th, 2022 by 三木 奎吾
Filed under: こちら発行人です, 住宅マーケティング | No Comments »

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