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\u25cf\u304a\u77e5\u3089\u305b
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\n\u304a\u6c42\u3081\u306fAmazon\u3067\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/amzn.asia\/d\/eUiv9yO<\/a>
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

English version\u2b07<\/p>\n

[Postwar \u201cAgricultural Land Reform\u201d and the Major Turning Point in My Father\u2019s Life]
\nTo my shame, it was only through sorting through my father\u2019s belongings that I learned about agricultural land reform for the first time. I am grateful. It really drives home just how drastically Japanese society changed and the magnitude of that upheaval. …<\/p>\n

\u3000The postwar \u201cagricultural land reform\u201d brought about dramatic changes in Japanese society. The traditional relationship between landlords and tenant farmers collapsed overnight, and the \u201ctenant farmer\u201d class\u2014which had accounted for as much as 70 percent of the agricultural population\u2014transformed into independent farmers.
\nThe photograph shows the road and farmland on the \u201cembankment\u201d that my father, who had been a tenant farmer until before the war, built himself along the boundary between his farmland and the Horomuki River, which had repeatedly flooded the area. This labor-intensive work was, of course, funded entirely out of his own pocket. Also shown is a fragment of an envelope that likely contained documents related to the land reform. It bears the date February 1949.
\nThis land reform played a significant role in making the GHQ occupation a \u201csuccess story\u201d without precedent in world history.
\nBorn in 1952, I often found that history classes covering the Meiji era and beyond would end \u201cout of time.\u201d Furthermore, there was no clear teaching of the \u201ceconomy\u201d of the common people, which I consider the most important aspect.
\nThe scope of instruction typically covered the collapse of the Edo shogunate and feudal system up to the Meiji Restoration. I believe we have been indoctrinated to view \u201cJapanese history\u201d as a narrative where the \u201csuperstars\u201d\u2014such as the heroic Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu of the Warring States period, and Saigo Takamori and Sakamoto Ryoma of the Bakumatsu and Meiji Restoration eras\u2014are celebrated. These are the two most popular eras featured in NHK\u2019s Taiga dramas.
\nHowever, an analysis of the tax structure and the lives of ordinary people is arguably the essential theme for understanding history.
\nIn the Edo period, farmers made up over 80% of the population, and the feudal military elite had established a socio-economic structure where agricultural production\u2014primarily rice yields\u2014served as the sole measure of their authority.
\nI must admit, I was ignorant about the financial circumstances of farmers during this era. This realization prompted me to do some research, and I discovered that even among farmers who owned their own land, about half were forced to pay taxes to the autocratic regime. Furthermore, \u201ctenant farmers\u201d\u2014who constituted the majority of the farming population at the time of the shogunate\u2019s collapse\u2014were subject to a system where their income was further eroded by landlords. It is said that the typical ratio of income distribution among feudal lords, landlords, and tenant farmers was roughly 3:3:4.
\n\u3000Although the Meiji government reformed this structure, the landowner class continued to be favored. Even up until the pre-war period, 70% of the farming population remained \u201ctenant farmers,\u201d and roughly 50% of their income was extracted by landlords. Furthermore, they were forced to cover the costs of production out of the remaining portion.
\nIt was the Land Reform that dismantled this structure. A truly monumental \u201crevolution.\u201d
\n\u3000There is no doubt that, for the history of the Japanese people, this reform was what truly brought \u201cdemocracy\u201d to life.
\nIt was likely this positive sentiment held by the Japanese people as a whole that laid the foundation and paved the way for public opinion to lead to the alliance with the United States. This realization was something I, having been so uninformed, was able to grasp for the very first time.<\/p>\n

\u25cf Announcement
\nMy book, \u201cWriters and Living Spaces,\u201d has been published as an e-book by Gentosha.
\nAvailable on Amazon.
\n\u3000<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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