{"id":41719,"date":"2023-09-06T05:06:27","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T20:06:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kochihen.replan.ne.jp\/?p=41719"},"modified":"2023-09-06T09:38:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T00:38:06","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%9a%96%e7%82%89%e3%81%ab%e3%81%bf%e3%82%8b%e6%98%8e%e6%b2%bb%e3%81%ae%e6%87%b8%e5%91%bd%e3%81%aa%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e5%b0%8e%e5%85%a5-%e6%97%a7%e5%b2%a9%e5%b4%8e%e9%82%b8%e6%8e%a2%e8%a8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/kochihen.replan.ne.jp\/?p=41719","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6696\u7089\u306b\u307f\u308b\u660e\u6cbb\u306e\u61f8\u547d\u306a\u6587\u5316\u5c0e\u5165 \u65e7\u5ca9\u5d0e\u90b8\u63a2\u8a2a-4\u3011"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\u306a\u3093\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u6696\u7089\u3078\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u306a\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6570\u5bc4\u3053\u3053\u308d\u304c\u767a\u63ee\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5efa\u7bc9\u5bb6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3053\u308c\u3067\u3082\u304b\u3068\u6696\u7089\u3092\u591a\u7528\u3059\u308b\u4f4f\u5b85\u5efa\u7bc9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u738b\u4faf\u8cb4\u65cf\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e26\u307f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u300c\u4e00\u56de\u3001\u3084\u3063\u3066\u307f\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u5efa\u7bc9\u3060\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3082\u77e5\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff08\u7b11\uff09\u3002
\n\"\"<\/a>
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\n\u3053\u306e\u65e7\u5ca9\u5d0e\u90b8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8fd1\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u3078\u306e\u61f8\u547d\u306a\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u5fd7\u5411\u3059\u308b\u660e\u6cbb\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u7a2e\u306e\u51c4\u307f\u3092\u611f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002
\n\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5efa\u7bc9\u5bb6\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u80b2\u3066\u305f\u30eb\u30fc\u30c4\u6587\u5316\u304c\u3053\u3053\u306b\u306f\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n

English version\u2b07<\/p>\n

The introduction of the Meiji Era’s culture of hard work in fireplaces.
\nIntroduction of the concept of indoor climate control. Brilliant masonry sculpture design. Under the guidance of an English architect, Meiji craftsmen worked hard to master their skills. …<\/p>\n

As the development of Hokkaido progressed in the first years of the Meiji era, imports of heating equipment from Europe and the United States and domestic production soon began. The samurai of the late Edo period and early Meiji period exchanged the phrase “the key to the northern gate” (meaning an important place to prevent the invasion of foreign enemies). The Japanese nation was wary of the “southward occupation” by the imperialist powers, most concretely Russia, and as the greatest national defense strategy against this threat, it was as if a fever was running through the consciousness of many of its citizens that the colonization of Hokkaido Island and its territorialization as Japanese territory must be secured.
\nI believe that the “lock on the northern gate” theory was a major motivating factor for the political change known as the Meiji Restoration. The legitimacy of the Tokugawa regime, which had led the nation by force, was greatly shaken by external pressure. There is a record of a Tokugawa shogun directly cursing a procession of his subordinates, saying, “You are a barbarian general, aren’t you?
\nIn the final days of the Tokugawa shogunate, clans built “camps” along the Hokkaido coastline to protect their northern fronts during the winter, but Japan’s ventilation-oriented architecture failed decisively against the cold, resulting in many deaths from disease. Before fighting the Russians, the harsh cold of Hokkaido had already caused a strategic failure in the military.
\nThis sense of crisis led Kiyotaka Kuroda, the commander of the new government during the Hakodate War in the early Meiji period, who later became prime minister, to conduct his own research on architecture adapted to the cold climate. It is said that he was so absorbed in his architectural research that he even climbed onto the roof himself and suddenly participated in on-site construction work. Knowing firsthand that Japanese architecture was not suited to the cold, the Meiji period (1868-1912) saw a concerted effort to introduce advanced architecture from the West. The mother city landscape of Sapporo, which remains today, is thought to have served as an exhibition hall for such architectural technology.
\nThe reason why Hokkaido still evokes a kind of exoticism for Japanese people today is probably due to the exotic landscape impression of the cold-weather-responsive architecture of the Meiji period that lies at the base of their psychology.
\nThis former Iwasaki Residence building also incorporates such a similar design concept.
\nThe fireplace is a symbol of the extraordinary “sukiyoko” spirit. Even for an Englishman, a residential building with so many fireplaces is comparable to a residence for royalty and aristocracy, and it may have been something he “wanted to try at least once” (laughs).
\nIn Hokkaido housing, such fireplaces were not feasible for the average person due to the cost of construction, and the general trend was toward the use of stoves. Low-priced, utility-oriented stoves were introduced, such as the lumpenstove, a derogatory term with a noun to describe a hobo or beggar.
\nOn the other hand, a British architect who came to Japan as a “hired foreigner,” paid several times what he would have been paid in his home country, lavishly installed fireplaces in each room of a house on a hill in Tokyo’s Ueno district for the highest-ranking members of society, and even had the stone materials heavily processed in a profound design. Under the guidance of these designers, Meiji craftsmen must have worked hard to master the techniques of “living” modern residential architecture.
\nThe former Iwasaki Residence gives one the impression of a certain kind of awesome Meiji Japan, which was eager to catch up with the modern nation.
\nHere must be the root culture that subsequently nurtured the existence of Japanese architects.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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